Research On The Load Spectra Acquisition Of The Loader

In recent years, with the national economic growth rate slowing down gradually, loaders, as one of the most mature engineering machinery products, the consuming demand is relatively reduced, so more and more attention are attached to the reliability and the service life.As two core part of the loader, transmission system and working device are prone to fatigue damage under the continuous random load, which seriously impact on the performance and the life of machine. Therefore, the study of a practical of mining method, the preparation method and the application method of the transmission system and working device loading spectra, is the key to improve the quality and reliability of current loading machine.Firstly, This paper gives loading spectra testing operation method of the loader machine, including the selection of the loader operation condition, the formulation of operation route, the selection of shoveling method, the preparation of material and the testing site etc. Then after research and analysis in the structural parameters of each part of XCMG ZL50 G loader, the spectra mining methods of the loader transmission system and working device are given combined with the current research achievements.Transmission system:Steps are presented in detail to test the torque of drive shaft and axle shaft by using the resistance strain gauge combined with the short-range telemetry; Putting forward three kinds of scheme of measuring vertical load of bridge and analyzing the respective advantages and disadvantages of them; Giving a method to test the speed and throttle opening size of engine and the method to obtain the torque of the engine indirectly; Designing a circuit to record the gear signal of loader; In addition to this, the access of other components parameters are also given, such as the parameters of hydraulic variable pitch, the speed of drive shaft and the wheel, the displacement and pressure of steering cylinder etc.Working device: a full external load testing program of loader bucket is designed,the program is mainly that the external load(including radial load, lateral load, partial load) of the bucket can be obtained by designing pin-type load sensor and connecting rod sensor.The pin-type load sensor can measure the force of pin linking the bucket and boom. The connecting rod sensor can measure the force of the connecting rod.Giving the calculation method of each hinge point coordinates when the posture of working device is determined; Finally, the paper puts forward two reliable methods which can validate the accuracy of the data of pin-type load sensor and the connecting rod sensor.