Preparation And EDLC Application Of Mesoporous Carbons With Graphene Layers Perpendicular To The Nanocarbons

The purpose of this dissertation is to prepare carbon materials which can be used as electrode materials for high power density electric-double-layer capacitor (EDLC). On the base of reviewing the development of electrochemical capacitor and its electrodematerials and electrolytes in detail, preparation of mesoporous carbons with novel phase structure and their electric-·double-layer capacitance performance were systematically studied.Combining organic molecules in inorganic templete surface of directional anchor phenomenon and template carbonized method, put forward well-defined rules of liquid crystal surface anchoring to preparation mesoporous carbons with novel phase structure. As a carbon precursor we use AR-mesophase pitch, the ordered mesoporous carbon was prepared by replication of the ordered silica SBA-15-6、SBA-15-7、SBA-15-9 and inordered silica gel SIG-10、SIG-30. The structures of mesoporous carbons were fully characterized by SEM, HRTEM, XRD, Raman and BET. The results images of all carbons show regularity fiber tubes with perpendicularly to long axis of the carbon materials, confirming feasibility of well-defined rules of liquid crystal surface anchoring. Synthesising carbons using the ordered silica show fiber bundle and graphite layers with perpendicularly to long axis of the carbon materials. Proper treatment can further enhance the graphitization degree, but overmuch high temperature will destroy the Special structure. Synthesising carbons using the template of inordered silica gel can duplicate silica gel of pore structure and shape. But the carbon materials with lower graphitization degree due to inordered silica gel.We reported the electrochemical studies on ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) as electrode for electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) in an aqueous and organic electrolyte. The specific capacity per unit area of the C-SBA-15-7 are 44.10μF/cm2 and 24.82μF/cm2 in an aqueous and organic electrolyte, higher than the normal amorphous mesoporous carbons because of the difference of the pore structure and graphite surfaces layers.However, the same phase structure carbons show different performance of electric double layer capacitor, the specific capacity per unit area of C-SIG-10 are 44.10μF/cm2 and 24.82μF/cm2 in two electrolytes.Therefore, the specific capacity per unit area of carbon will be influenced by graphitization degree.We use sucrose as a carbon precursor synthesising carbons through template carbonized method. The carbon with sucrose as precursor, outsourcing activated carbon materials and the orthogonal carbon material prepared by us were chose to investigate the influence of pore structure、phase structure and surface treatment on the electric double layer capacitance performance of carbon materials. The results suggested that the orthogonal carbon material showed a capacitance higher than two other carbon materials. The specific capacitence per unit area of carbons were influenced without specific surface area, aperture and pore volume.The phase special structure carbons show higher specific capacitence per unit area than conventional porous carbon. Oxidized by nitric acid, the specific capacitence per unit area of the orthogonal carbon materials increased significantly.