Screening Of Radish, Carrot, Eggplan Cultivars With Low Accumulation Of Cadmium, Lead And Research On The Accumulation Property Of Cadmium By Radish Under Cadmium Polluted Soils

Field experiments were conducted to screen the cultivars of radish, carrot, eggplant with low accumulation of Cd, Pb and the cadmium (0.97 mg/kg) and lead(105.88 mg/kg) contaminated soils were used in Zhuzhou, Hunan Province, China. Pot culture experiments were also conducted to measure the Cd accumulation properties of 6 selected radish cultivars with high, medium and low cadmium accumulation respectively while different level Cd contaminated soils were adopted. The main results are as follows:1.The contents of cadmium in root of 33 radish cultivars which planted in the field were 0.069-0.316 mg/kg FW, with the average of 0.166 mg/kg FW,87.9% of them were higher than the standard of GB 2762-2005.The content of lead in root of 33 radish cultivars were 0.074-0.554 mg/kg FW,with the average of 0.26 mg/kg FW, and 90.91% of them were higher than the standard of GB 2762-2005.The content of cadmium in shoot of 33 radish cultivars were 0.206-0.608 mg/kg FW,with the average of 0.326 mg/kg FW.The content of lead in shoot of 33 radish cultivars were 0.392-1.103 mg/kg FW, with the average of 0.700 mg/kg FW.The cadmium and lead distributions of radish tissue were shoot>root.4 radish cultivars with lower cadmium accumulation were selected.2.The contents of cadmium in root of 12 carrot cultivars planted in the polluted soil were 0.34-0.58 mg/kg FW,with the average of 0.44 mg/kg FW.The contents of lead in root of 12 carrot cultivars were 0.84-1.53 mg/kg FW,with the average of 1.18 mg/kg FW. all of them in cadmium and lead content were higher than the standard of GB 2762-2005. The contents of cadmium in shoot of 12 carrot cultivars were 0.45-0.675 mg/kg FW, with the average of 0.55 mg/kg FW. The contents of lead in shoot of 12 carrot cultivars were 0.81-1.34 mg/kg FW,with the average of 1.0 mg/kg FW The cadmium distribution of radish tissue was shoot>root, while the lead distribution of was root>shoot.2 carrot cultivars with lower cadmium accumulation were selected.3.The contents of cadmium in fruit of 58 eggplant cultivars were 0.175-0.467 mg/kg FW,with the average of 0.297 mg/kg FW,all of them were higher than the standard of GB 2762-2005.The contents of lead in fruit of 58 eggplant cultivars were 0-0.315 mg/kg FW,with the average of 0.14 mg/kg FW,81% of them were higher than the standard of GB 2762-2005.The average contents of cadmium, lead in shoot of 58 eggpant cultivars were 2.72 mg/kg FW and 2.69 mg/kg FW respectively, while in root were 3.58 mg/kg FW and 12.63 mg/kg FW.Therefore, the cadmium and lead distribution of in radish tissue was root>shoot>fruit.4 eggplant cultivars with low cadmium accumulation were selected.4.Pot experiment showed the same results of the cadmium accumulation by different radish cultivars as field experiment except for No.27 cultivar. The content of cadmium in radish root was increased with increasing cadmium level in soil, but decreased with the growth stages.There was a very significant positive line relationship (p<0.01)between the concentration of cadmium in radish root and in soil.5.The cadmium accumulation in radish root was increased with increasing cadmium level in soil, and also increased with the growth stages, reached the maximum cadmium accumulation between 60 d and 90 d growth stage.6. The cadmium distribution in radish was root>shoot for the control treatment (the soil cadmium content was 0.26mg/kg), while it was shoot>root when soil cadmium content was more than 0.6 mg/kg, and radish-skin>radish-heart.7.The cadmium content in root of radish cultivar No.1 was lower than 0.1 mg/kg FW (which lower than GB 2762-2005)when the soil cadmium content was 1.0 mg/kg or lower than 1.0 mg/kg. However, the cadmium contents of radish cultivar No.24 and No.28 were higher than the national standard when soil cadmium content was 0.6 mg/kg or more than 0.6 mg/kg. Keyword:Radish; Carrot; Eggplant; Soil cadmium, Lead contaminated; Accumulation; Cultivar...