Study On Sex Identification, Major Organ Position And Enteritis Of Python Molurus Bivittatus

Python molurus is a primitive species. It has become endangered due to the deterioration of the environment, abuse of its habitat, and killing by human. Python molurus has been attributed to appendix II of《Convention on international trade in endangered species of wild animals and plants》, and belongs to national level of protected animals in China. Neither at home nor abroad has any research been conducted nor information collected regarding the python molurus.Therefore, our research objective is about python molurus.Python molurus protection and disease prevention are the mainline. Through morphological observation and anatomy methods, we observe the external morphology and dissect the sick python molurus, then processing the datum through statistical methods.Through microbiology experiments and 16S rDNA gene sequencing,we separate、culture and identify the bactetias of enteritis pathogen, and sieve out drugs for the treatment. The principal reason for doing this is to provide the groundwork for the basis of our theory allowing us to provide technical support for the protection of the wild python while permitting for the development of artificial breeding and scientific. With these fundamentals, we successfully obtained the following innovative achievements:1. The methods of python molurus sex identification: The tail of male python molurus is thinner and tapering; Hind remains can be seen significantly; Two penises can be found visibly through extruding the tail; The length of the identified needle into reproductive opening is 10～17 pieces of tail scales Female tail is plump and suddenly attenuate; Hind remains have degraded completely; Two penises can not be found through extruding the tail;The length of the identified needle into reproductive opening is 4～5 pieces of tail scaly generally.2. The python molurus gastrostege is 262 pieces on average, and its quantity is irrelevant to sex,age and length.3. We can find the gallbladder at the place of 103.58 pieces of the gastrostege which counts from the tail; the ratio of the length which from the body’s most front-end to the gallbladder compared to the length which from the body’s finally end to the gallbladder is 5:4. The length of the gallbladder counts 6.83 pieces of the gastrostege.The percentage of the gallbladder length accounting for the whole body is 2.14%.The average length of one-year-old gallbladder is 2.73cm, three-year-old is 5.31cm.With maturation, and the width of the gastrostege grows on average faster than the gallbladder.4. We can find the heart at the place of 57～66 pieces of the gastrostege. The ratio of the length which from the body’s most front-end to the heart compared to the length which from the body’s finally end to the heart is 1:4. The length of the heart counts 7-9 pieces of the gastrostege. The percentage of the heart length accounting for the whole body is 2.51%; the average length of one-year-old python molurus heart is 2.73cm, two-year-old is 3.68cm, three-year-old is 5.31cm.5. The epidemic of acute enteritis is mainly caused by Salmonella enterica. Piperacillin is the best drug for treatment of the disease. It occurs primarily to the python molurus at just three months of age, and May to September is the outbreak time. During the beginning stages of the illness no symptoms are present. Spiritual statuses is low and lolling, head low, tail to and fro, body bent with evident painful struggle sometimes followed by biting his body with his mouth; this often appears in the later period of the illness. The intestine of the diseased python molurus is often bloated. Different levels of erosion、hemorrhaging blood in the intestine often can be found. Colon content often appears aqueous in shape as water state. Some superior mesenteric fat particles become red. Serious cases may lead simultaneously into hepatic necrosis, and pneumonia.