Genetic Analysis On Plant Height Trait And Screening Of Major SSR Molecular Marker In Maize

Plant height is one of the most important agronomic traits for maize, have importantinfluence on yield and lodging resistance. This experiment chooses plant height amongst twelvedifferent maize inbred lines as hybrid parents. Six female parent inbred lines for short, mediumand high three genres, other six male parent inbred lines with high. Using incomplete diallelcross to create36cross combinations, then choose two combination of hybrid parents with thegreatest variation F1049×F1023and F1133×F1053and construct two F2segregation population.By analyzing the hybrid parents of F1and F2single plant of plant height traits and to analysisthe36cross combinations F1of plant height traits the genetic laws and combining ability ofparents; Based on the national and international studies that were published related to maizeplant height traits main effect QTL (>10%) in the chain of SSR markers, we have selected theaverage distribution in10chromosomes by30primer using hybrid parents, F1and F2singleplant to verify this tag, and then screening for major SSR molecular marker in maize. The resultis as follows:1. Through the analysis of twelve maize inbred lines, it can be seen that F1049maizeinbred lines which can be used as good inbred lines to improve plant height traits. Meanwhile,F1023and F1131has the largest general combining ability of yield trait, it therefore can bechosen as a breeding production advantage. The combination F1113×F1053、F1041×F1101haveexcellent performance in production trait and strong heterosis, they can be furthered utilized.The same inbred lines respectively with short, medium and high maize inbred line make hybridcombinations, The hybrid combinations F1plant height for performance: high×high>medium×high> short×high. Show that, with high inbred lines cross, its F1hybrid combinationshigher than with short inbred lines cross, its F1hybrid combinations.2. For36cross combinations of eleven traits analysis showed that, plant height, ear height,ear length, ear row number, grain index having mainly additive gene effect, is suitable for earlygeneration selection. For two F2population of single plant plant height traits in a normaldistribution test, the results show that the two F2populations plant height traits are incontinuous variation and in accordance with normal distribution, that maize plant height traitsare quantitative traits controlled by multiple genes.3. Optimize on SSR marker technology of maize, the results show that, the optimized PCRreaction system is1.5mmol/L Mg2+.0.05mmol/L dNTPs.0.5U Taq DNA polymerase. 0.05μmol/L primer.10×PCR buffer2.0μL and80ng DNA template in the20μL reaction volume.The optimal annealing temperature is60℃. Silver stain method show that: rinse the rubber platequickly using distilled water. The optimal image develop was obtained by using3%sodiumhydroxide and1%formaldehyde after silvering staining8minutes with0.1%silver nitrate.4. Based on the national and international studies that were published related to maize plantheight traits main effect QTL (>10%) in the chain of SSR markers，selected the four main effectplant height traits of SSR markers in maize, they’re p-umc1165、umc1101、bmc1056、umc1152,and p-umc1165、umc1152can be used for screening short inbred line of maize, screeningaccuracy were56%and52%respectively. umc1101、bmc1056can be used for screening highinbred line of maize, screening accuracy were51.5%and53.5%respectively.