Economic Benefit Analysis On Cropping Forage In Main Agricultural Region Of Tibet

Tibet as one of the five traditional major pastoral areas in China, the animal husbandry plays adecisive role in the national economy. As forage required by livestock almost depending on naturalgrassland, is facing a serious shortage and seriously restricted the development of animal husbandry.Forage shortage eventually lead to productivity, milk production, meat production, wool productiondecline. Thus, grass and livestock is increasing acute contradictions between supply and demand. Thisarticle analysis climatic resources and arable land resources condition of Tibet main agricultural areasincluding Lhasa, Shannan and Shigatse, and find out: Lhasa and Shannan are more suitable for multiplecropping, and harvest two crops in one year with heat and water resources; Multiple cropping canincrease the income of local farmers, but also supply forage for livestock, also can alleviate thegrassland pressure, ensure the ecological security of Tibet. The trial and social survey on multiplecropping after wheat and barley harvested in Lhasa and Shannan, mainly research economic benefit andsocial effects, the main research are as follows:(1) Forage oat grass yield is the highest in different forage crops such as forage rape, vetch and oatson Multiple Cropping during61days in Lhasa, and the local farmers can earn4987yuan/hm2, followedby vetch, while the yield was lowest for forage rape, the highest revenue is1955yuan/hm2.Thus, forageoat is more suitable for multiple cropping in the main agricultural areas of Tibet.(2) Forage oat is planted after winter barley and winter wheat harvested in Lhasa, the same twovarieties of Baiyan No.9and Baiyan10, expressed as: Yield of Baiyan No.10is higher than BaiyanNo.9; because winter barley was harvested earlier31days than winter wheat, the grass yield of BaiyanNo.10after winter barley harvested is higher4711kg/hm2than after winter wheat harvested, andeconomic benefits is1884yuan/hm2. This shows: winter crops harvested earlier, economic benefithigher.(3) We keep growing forage oat after winter barley harvested in Shannan and Lhasa, take samples inOct15th, and find out: economic benefit of Baiyan No.9is higher300yuan/hm2in Shannan than inLhasa, and economic benefit of Baiyan No.10is higher839yuan/hm2.The reason is: winter barley isharvested relatively earlier, the altitude is lower100m, days of≥0℃is more14days, and temperatureof≥0℃is higher169℃in Shannan than in Lhasa.(4) We take samples in multiple Cropping trail after winter barley harvested in Oct15th and Nov2inLhasa,The results is: economic benefit of DM is higher50-200yuan/667m2than Fresh weight; the besttime for grass is before mid-October (poor anti-frost varieties only), and the hay early November.(5) Social surveys shows: Multiple cropping can increase their employment rates and reduceurban-rural income gap; Most farmers in Tibet can accept forage cropping, but hope that governmentsupport something such as seeds, fertilizers and so on; some farmers who has grown forage crop, realizerisk of Multiple cropping, and need good forage varieties, efficient cropping model and croppingtechniques to reduce the risk of planting.