Effects Of Biochar On Soybean Rhizosphere Environment And Growth

Biochar as a kind of soil amendments, fertilizer not only can greatly reduce carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions, ease the greenhouse effect, but also can improve soil physical and chemical and biological properties, promote crop growth. So in recent years, agricultural production of biochar application received extensive attention of people. This study discusses the application of different dosage of biochar regulation on rhizosphere soil of soybean, soybean growth and yield influence. The results of the study are as follows:1. The biochar treatment can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and improve soil fertility. Biochar applied into the soil after can effectively improve the soil hold water, slow down the rate of soil water evaporation; Biological carbon can increase the soil pH. Growth period of soybeans from the soil pH were increased, full ripeness period rose by an average of0.07units pH; Biochar can also improve the soil nutrient content, with the increase of dosage of biochar, soil organic carbon, on average,24.1%increased, available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium increased by10.4%,34.5%and10.4%respectively.2. The biochar treatment increased the soil enzyme activity, the accumulation of soil organic carbon and its metabolism play a promoting role. With the increase of dosage of biochar, soil invertase, catalase, urease activity increased first and then decreased, increased19.1%,21.2%and25.9%, respectively, biochar dosage of900～1200kg·hm-2, the most obvious effect.3. The biochar treatment increased the soil microorganism quantity. Biochar dosage of900～1200kg·hm-2, can significantly increase the number of soil bacteria, actinomyces and fungi, the number of application of biochar to deal with the number of soil bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes without carbon processing respectively1.95,1.65,1.69times.4. The biochar treatment can promote the growth of soybean, expression is:can increase soybean leaf chlorophyll content, photosynthetic physiological characteristics of soybean has certain promoting effect, more conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic products, promote crop growth; Biochar could promote the growth of soybean root system, which is beneficial to absorption of nutrients and water use; Biochar can modulate the ground department co-ordination and root growth, seedling stage, the aboveground growth prior to the underground part, biochar processing plant aboveground significantly increased dry weight, root dry weight, root cap ratio reduced; Biological carbon can also improve the plant height of soybean, the indexes of biochar dosage of900～1200kg·hm-2, the most obvious effect. 5. Biochar processing of soybean showed obvious effects to increase production. Biochar promoting effect on grain weight per plant, and the effect is not obvious influence on hundred grain weight. On the basis of increased grain weight per plant, soybean yield increase. When the dosage of biochar reaches1200kg·hm-2, soybean production is highest, less use of biochar processing production increased by26.0%, compared to increase production effect is obvious.