Study On Genetic Variation Of Geographic Population Of Empoasca Vitis (G The) In Tea Plantation Based On The Mitochondrial CO Ⅰand CO Ⅱ Genes

Empoasca vitis (G the) is one of the most tea-damage pests inChina, distributing throughout the tea growing area. Domestic and foreignscholars widely study on physiological characteristics, geographicaldistribution and loss estimation of Empoasca vitis (G the), but fewreports about its geographical population variation.In this research we collected specimens of Empoasca vitis (G the) from15provinces, which including50main tea production areas in China,specimens of Empoasca onukii Matsuda from4main tea production areas inJapan, specimens of Empoasca flavescens Fabricius from India Darjeelingarea. We got the complete sequences of Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) for thefirst time, studied variation of geographic population based on the completesequence of CO I and CO II. We compared homology of tea green leafhoppersfrom China, Japan and India. The main results are as follows:1. The primers were designed from conserved regions of mitochondrialgenes in Cicadellidae, the complete sequences of mtDNA sequenced byprimer walking. We got the whole sequences of mtDNA for the first time, itslength was15154bp. Mitochondrial genome contained22tRNA genes,13protein coding genes,2rRNA genes and1control region (A+T rich region),the order of genes was similar to Homalodisca vitripennis.2. The complete sequence of mtDNA CO I gene was1534bp, there were168variation sites,238haplotypes. The Hd was0.9505. The Tajima’s D testindicated that there might be no population expansion for the total in history.The Gst was0.03328, the Fst was0.10059, the Nm was4.471, indicated thatexist high level gene exchange among populations, and low level geneticvariation. The AMOVA showed that, the genetic differentiation of Empoascavitis (G the) mainly within populations. Mantel test showed no significant correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance amongpopulations.3. The complete sequence of mtDNA CO II gene was679bp, there were80variation sites,138haplotypes. The Hd was0.8891. The Tajima’s D testindicated that there might be no population expansion for the total in history.The Gst was0.05441, the Fst was0.07849, the Nm was5.87, indicated thatexist high level gene exchange among populations, and low level geneticvariation. The AMOVA showed that, the genetic differentiation of Empoascavitis (G the) mainly within populations. Mantel test showed no significantcorrelation between genetic distance and geographic distance amongpopulations. We believe that the massive and frequent transportation andplantation of fresh tea leaves and seedlings in different host plant locationsamong provinces since the1990s promote the long-distance migration of E.vitis and reinforce the gene flow among these geographically differentpopulations.