Effects Of Transplanting Density On Sugar Metabolism And Rice Quality On Two Rice Varieties With Different Types Of Panicles

Heilongjiang Province is one of the important commodity grain producing area and the main production base of the japonica rice in China. Transplanting density is the basis for the establishment of population structure, therefore, to study the reasonable transplanting density, has great significance to establishing the measures of the rice cultivation technology. In this thesis, Dongnong425(rice panicle weight type) and Dongnong427(rice panicle number type) were was used as experimental material,setting12transplanting density,D1(35cm×16.7cm),D2(30cm×16.7cm),D3(35cm×13.3cm),D4(25cm×16.7cm),D5(30cm×13.3cm),D6(35cm×10cm),D7(25cm×13.3cm),D8(30cm×10cm),D9(25cm×10cm),D10(35cm x6.7cm),D11(30cm x6.7cm),D12(25cm x6.7cm).From the flowering stage to maturity stage, To study the effects of transplanting density on sucrose, fructose and soluble sugar content in the leaves, stems and grains; starch and starch component content;grain-filling characters; grain fullness; and rice quality on two rice varieties with different types of panicles, To clarify the relationship between the regulation of sugar metabolism and rice quality, yield formation and transplanting density, laying the foundation for high-yield rice cultivation, reveals the relationship between the regulation of sugar metabolism and rice quality, yield formation and transplanting density, laying the foundation for high-yield rice cultivation. The main results of this experiment are as follows:1. Increased with the number of flowers acquired, sucrose, fructose, soluble sugar content, SS, SPS activity of leaves of DongNong425and DongNong427showed a single peak curve. The sucrose, fructose, soluble sugar content, SS, SPS activity of leaves of the two varieties were increased with the density increasing, however, when the density was too large, they actually reduced. when DongNong425under the D5treatments, the fructose content were high while the others were high under the D6treatments, when DongNong427under the D2treatments, the fructose content were high while the others were high under the D3treatments.In the early of grain-filling (7to14days after flowering), sucrose, fructose and soluble sugar content of the leaves significantly increased with the increased of SS and SPS activity while the promoting the later of grain-filling is not obvious. Heading and maturity stage amount per unit area of the accumulation of soluble sugars of dongnong425were high under the D6treatments, while dongnong427were high under the D6and D4treatments.it was significantly positive correlated between Heading and maturity stages amount of soluble sugar accumulation of leaves with yield, milled rice and protein content; and it was negative significantly positive correlated between heading and maturity stages amount of soluble sugar accumulation of leaves with chalkiness and percentage of chalkiness.2. Increased with the number of flowers acquired, sucrose, fructose, soluble sugar content of stems of DongNong425and DongNong427showed a generally downward trend, but showed a small amount of rebound after reduced to the lowest value. The sucrose, fructose, soluble sugar content and the translocated sugars, translocated ratio and contributed ratio of stems of the two varieties were increased with the density increasing, however, when the density was too large, they actually reduced. when DongNong425under the D6treatments, sucrose, soluble sugar content, were all high. under the D5treatments, the fructose content were high; when DongNong427were all high under the D3treatments.The translocated sugars,translocated ratio contributed ratio of stems were high when DongNong425under the D4、D6、D9treatments,while DongNong427under the D2、D3、D4treatments.Heading and maturity stage amount per unit area of the accumulation of soluble sugars of dongnong425were high under the D9and D6treatments, while dongnong427were high under the D3and D4treatments.It was significantly positive correlated between Heading and maturity stages amount of soluble sugar accumulation of stems with yield, brown rice,milled rice, head rice, protein content; and it was negative significantly positive correlated with chalkiness, percentage of chalkiness.3. With the development of grain-filling, sucrose, fructose, soluble sugar content of grains of DongNong425and DongNong427showed a generally downward trend, then dropping to a certain extent stabilized. The sucrose, fructose, soluble sugar content of grains of the two varieties were increased with the density increasing when the early of grain-filling(7days after flowering), however, when the density was too large, they actually reduced. when DongNong425under the D5treatments, sucrose, soluble sugar content were all high. under the D4treatments, the fructose content were high; while DongNong427were all high under the D3treatments. Heading and maturity stage amount per unit area of the accumulation of soluble sugars of dongnong425were high under the D6treatments, while dongnong427were high under the D3treatments.It was significantly positive correlated between Heading and maturity stages amount of soluble sugar accumulation of stems with1000-grain weight, seed-setting rate, yield, brown rice, milled rice, head rice, protein content; and it was negative significantly positive correlated with chalkiness percentage of chalkiness.4.The starch and starch component content of grains of DongNong425and427were increased with the development of grain-filling, then it were gentle unchanged. Q activity of grains showed a single peak curve. The starch, amylopection content of the two varieties were reduced with the density increasing, however, when the density was too large, they actually increased, but amylose content of the two varieties were reduced with the density increasing, when the two varieties under the D1treatments, starch, amylose content were all high. While under the D12treatments, the amylopection content were high. In the early of grain-filling (7to14days after flowering), starch, amylopection content of the grains significantly increased with the increased of Q activity. It was significantly positive correlated between maturity stages amount of the starch and starch component content of grains with1000-grain weight, seed-setting rate, brown rice, milled rice, head rice; and it was negative significantly positive correlated with chalkiness, percentage of chalkiness, gel consistency.5.The A,R0,GRmax, GRmean, grain fullness of the superior grains of dongnong425and dongnong427were increased with the density increasing, however, when the density was too large, they actually reduced, while Tmax, D showed the opposite rule, the A,R0,GRmax,GRmean, grain fullness of the inferior grains of two varieties were decreased with the density increasing, while Tmax, D increasing. when DongNong425under the D6treatments, A,R0,GRmax,GRmean, grain fullness were all high, while Tmax, D were all low; DongNong427under the D3treatments had the same rules. Raising A,R0,GRmax,GRmean and reduced Tmax, D of superior and inferior grains can significantly improve the milling quality and appearance quality, and can significantly increase1000-grain weight, seed-setting rate, but less impact on the final yield.6.Panicle per square meter of dongnong425and dongnong427were increased with the density increasing, while grains per panicle,1000-grain weight, seed-setting rate were reduced. The yield the two varieties were were increased with the density increasing, however, when the density was too large, they actually reduced. when the two varieties under the D12treatments, panicle per square meter were significantly higher than the other treatments, while under the D1treatments, grains per panicle,1000-grain weight, seed-setting rate were all high, when dongnong425under the D11treatments, the yield were high. But between D9-D11treatments were no significant. when dongnong427under the D5treatments, the yield were high. But between D3-D5treatments were no significant.7. Brown rice; milled rice; head rice; protein content of dongnong425and dongnong427were increased with the density increasing, however, when the density was too large, they actually reduced, while chalkiness;area of chalkiness;percentage of chalkiness showed the opposite rule. The amylase content of the two varieties were were decreased with the density increasing, while the gel consistency were increased. when dongnong425under the D6treatments, brown rice; milled rice were high, chalkiness;area of chalkiness;percentage of chalkiness were low; and under the D7treatments, head rice; protein content were high, But between D6-D8treatments were no significant. when dongnong427under the D2treatments, brown rice; milled rice were high, chalkiness were low; and under the D3treatments, head rice; area of chalkiness; protein content were high, percentage of chalkiness were low; but between D1～D5treatments were no significant.