| As uneven distribution of rainfall and annual changes of the Huaibei plain, drought and flood disasters are occurrence frequently. The efficient utilization of groundwater in the plain as the core research of the paper, the mortar black soil and yellow fluvo-aquic soil planting of corn and soybean crop as the research object, the regularity of water requirement of crop water use patterns, stage research, determine crop suitable groundwater depth, with crop suitable groundwater depth as the goal, making use the rubber dam and river surface water to recharge and discharge of groundwater to appropriate groundwater artificial control to achieve the crop drought equilibrium governance suitable groundwater depth. The main research results are as follows:(1) Dry crop years average underground water consumption peak in May and August, the growth period of wheat for October-May of the following year, and the whole growth period, the utilization of groundwater amount of yellow fluvo-aquic soil areas is higher than that in mortar black soil region, which heading to filling and filling maturing two stages of water amount is most. According the utilization water of wheat at the same time to analysis:the best groundwater of wheat in mortar black soil region mortar depthis is0.8m, that yellow fluvo-aquic soil is1.0m. From wheat root development process analysis, the moisture absorption and utilization groundwater depth of wheat should be1.0-1.5m.(2) Soybean growth period in6-9month and the whole growth period of groundwater utilization amount Yellow fluvo-aquic soil areas is higher than that in mortar black soil region of mortar, which pod and seed blossom-mature two stages of water amount is most. According to different periods of wheat water requirement analysis:the best groundwater of soybean in mortar black soil region mortar depthis is0.8m, that Yellow fluvo-aquic soil is1.0m. From soybean root development process analysis, the moisture absorption and utilization groundwater depth of wheat should be0.8-1.4m.(3) According to the analysis of whole growth period of crop loss in water, the condition of water for soybean is deficit. In order to prevent the soybean drought affected, the underground water level control to achieve the crop absorption layer timely supply moisture. Vertical average groundwater storage test depth is1.95m, and the average groundwater depth in Banqiao test is 2.69m, which the control target of the suitable groundwater depth is0.8-1.0m, and groundwater regulation range are respectively1.15-0.95m,1.89-1.69m.(4) According to the brook of surface water recharge and discharge width analysis:in Li Cang test area, vertical Qian River500m (side distance) with in the region, underground water level are obvious vertical recharge in the regulation of rubber dam; Hong Qiaogou200m (both distance) with in the region, underground water level are by the supply effects. Yu Qiagou and Gan Goug roundwater discharge with a width is about100m.In Ban Qiao test area, vertical beifei River700m (side distance) within the region, the change of underground water level is on the river surface water recharge effect. Lu Zhuanggou groundwater discharge width300m-400m, Yu Tinggou and Bai Magou groundwater discharge width range500m.(5) Through analysis the two kind of crop growth and river regulation of groundwater at different growing stages, timely repair drainage measures and reasonable, can be reduced by drought and flood affected crop, ensure the yield and quality of crops, improve water use efficiency.Based on the crop suitable groundwater depth as the research target timely regulation of underground water level, the research results can provide ideas and theoretical basis for farmland in Huaibei plain, and have a guiding function for the project planning of farmland area drainage and groundwater depth adjust in Huaihe river basin plain. There is great significance to relieve regional water resources shortage, and promote the efficient use of groundwater and the sustainable development of regional economy. |
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