Research Growth, Physiological And Ultrastructure Transcriptome Sequenced Of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Seedings Under Copper Stress

Copper, one of the heavy metal elements, can affect the growth and development of crop. It ismeaningful to parse the mechanism of wheat under heavy metal stress by research the response of growth,physiology, cell structure and the transcriptome of wheat under copper stress. Nutrient culture technologywas used to research the effect of growth, physiological changes of wheat, AiKang58, under copper stressin different concentration and different time. Meanwhile, Combining the change of submicroscopicstructure and the data analysis of transcriptome, We explored the response of the wheat redice in cell andmolecular level under copper stress with cell biology and molecular biology. The main research results areas follows:1. Copper stress could affect the growth and development of wheat directly. Under the longtimeaffection of copper stress, the color of wheat seed turned yellow, the root of wheat seed became shorter andthicker than ever before. Copper stress also made the height of wheat seedling and the length of rootsuppressed significantly. In addition, copper stress affected the root growth more greatly than the effect tothe height of plant.2. Copper stress affect the chlorophyll content of young wheat leaf, the root activity, relative watercontent and soluble protein of wheat radiclet And with the increased of time and the concentration ofcopper, the affection decline significantly. POD and SOD activity increased along with the increasingconcentration of copper. The total effect of copper stress increased at first and decreased subsequently.3. Copper caused serious damage to the cellular structure of radicle. The study found that: under thetreatment of Copper stress, the root tip cells became vacuole seriously, the cell wall and cell membranedisappeared, the nuclear mass agglutinated, parts of the nuclei and nucleoli disintegrated and the organellesdisappeared, too.4.115742single sequence were got from the trancscriptome sequencing and splich of the wheatradicle on control and30mg/L copper stress.2283differentially expressed genes were detected byannotating and comparing of digital gene expression level. Of which826DEGs expressed significantup-regulate and1457DEGs expressed down-regulate significantly. All the DEGs were annotated by KEGGpathway, these genes were annotated to31metabolic pathways. The DEGs were mainly distributed in50 GO entires by Go function entichment. Among of them the metabolism, cell, internal organelles synthesisand cation binding were the most enriched entries.5. There were significant difference in wheat radicle cell gene expression between the copper stressand control. The gene of active oxygen metabolism, ribosomes and cytochrome exogenous substances P450were increased because of copper stress. Copper stress inhibited the cell wall, fatty acid gene expression,made the DEGs down-regulate, and the expression of apoptosis were appeared. It is speculated that, theformation of cell wall and the change of structure and the destruction of the organelles or disappear has therelation with copper stress. The endocytosis were activated significantly, glycolysis and saccharidebiosynthesis were inhibited significantly, should be associated with posttranslational modifications thatinfluence gene regulation.