DUS Test And Chromosome Ploidy Identification Of Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemums (Dendranthema×gradiflorum(Ramat)Kitam) is one of China’s traditional famous flowers. Originated from China, it has a cultivation history of1600years and over3000varieties. In this study, twenty chrysanthemums varieties in the experimental garden of China Agricultural University were applied as materials. Based on the performance of both phenotypic trait and related chromosome ploidy, the genetic diversity and of the various varieties were assessed. The main results were as follows:According to morphology observation, distinctions and diversity in morphology of the chrysanthemums varieties were detected. Generally, there were remarkable variations in the phenotypic trait of flowers and leaves. Particularly for the phenotypic trait of flowers, petals shape varied and there were distinct colors including mono-color and double-color. Principal component analysis of morphology was employed on flowers and leaves of15varieties. The phenotypic traits in flowers and leaves were significant for classification of chrysanthemums classification, which can be used to select fine varieties. The results of cluster analysis of morphological traits indicated that the traits in flowers and leaves were quite different. The cluster process conformed to expected situation, i.e., the varieties with genetic relationship clustered in locations of close Euclidean distance. The changes of cultivation environment had considerable impacts on quantitative trait, such as HS⑨. According to the assessment on the chromosome ploidy of14strains, there was36-60chromosomes or most of the cultivated chrysanthemums. Mixoploidy and aneuploid were common.In conclusion, there were common ground between the results from morphology observation and cytological study, despite certain differences. The phenotypic trait in leaves can be used as supplementary trait for the identification and classification of chrysanthemums varieties.