Effects Of Different Irrigation Treatments On The Law Of Water Consumption, Fruit Quality And Yield Of Grapevine Under Drip Irrigation Model

Along with the continuously extend of vineyard areas, the water demand of thembecomes escalation. At the same time, the situation of water resource shortage in our countryis severer and severer. Thus, how to use the limited water resource to product high qualitytable grape, and then improve the rural income and preserve the ecological environmentbecomes an important issue. Many new theory and technology of irrigation emerge endlesslyat present. Screen out an appropriate irrigation program to guide the production of table grapeis an urgent task.In this study, the experiment was carry out in the growing season of grapevine in2013.The full irrigation (FI), water deficit before veraison (RDI-1), water deficit after veraison(RDI-2), and alternate partial root-zone irrigation (APRI) were used for grapevines.According to study the effects of different irrigation treatment on the water consumptionregularity, vegetative growth of plant, fruit volume and quality, amd yield, was studied, thenobtained an optimal decision by comprehensive comparison of different irrigation methods.The purpose of this was in order to supply theory support for practical production of tablegrape. The results showed that:1. The volume of water consumption of the grape plants were449.30mm,(calculated byunit area, the same as below),307.78mm,331.71mm,390.52mm in the whole growth periodunder the full irrigation, alternate partial root-zone irrigation, water deficit before veraison,water deficit after veraison treatments. Among them, the full irrigation was the largest andalternate partial root-zone irrigation was the least among them, and the former was45.98percent higher than the latter. The volume of water consumption of the period of shootsmaturation and leaf fall was the largest stage, which account for37.06,35.39,38.24,30.12percent of the total water consumption of the whole growth period under the full irrigation,alternate partial root-zone irrigation, water deficit before veraison, water deficit after veraison treatments. And the stages of germination consumpt water least, which only occupied1.38,2.14,1.96,1.56percent of the volume dose of the whole growth stages among the fourirrigation treatments.2. The largest water consumption rate of average daily emerged in berry growth period inthe full irrigation, alternate partial root-zone irrigation, water deficit after veraison treatments,they were3.44mm/d,2.49mm/d,3.29mm/d respectively. But in water deficit before veraisontreatment, it emerged in berry maturity period, the rate was2.39mm/d, even though it wasclose to the value in berry growth period. The least value of water consumption rate ofaverage daily of all the irrigation treatments emerged in stages in germination, they were0.62mm/d、0.66mm/d、0.65mm/d、0.61mm/d respectively in the full irrigation,.alternatepartial root-zone irrigation, water deficit before veraison, water deficit after veraisontreatments.3. In the full irrigation, alternate partial root-zone irrigation, water deficit before veraison,water deficit after veraison treatments, the crop factor of grape plant all showed in the trend offirst increase then decrease among the irrigation treatments, the least value of crop factor was0.21,0.22,0.22,0.21respectively, they all emerged in the stages in germination. The value oflargest crop factor in the full irrigation treatment and water deficit before veraison treatmentswere0.90and0.64respectively, they emerged in berry maturity period, while the value ofAPRI and water deficit after veraison emerged in the berry growth stages, they were0.63and0.84respectively.4. Compared with the full irrigation, alternate partial root-zone irrigation could reducethe vegetative growth of plant, the volume of fruit, the length and weight of cluster, yield, netphotosynthetic rate and transpiration rate of leaves, and increase reducing sugar and total acidof fruit, water use efficiency, sensory quality scores. However, the effects of APRI on grainweight, soluble solid and Vcwas not notable.5. Compared with the full irrigation, the treatment of water deficit before veraison andwater deficit after veraison treatment were all reduce the vegetative growth and reproductivegrowth of plant, but the degree of effects of water deficit before veraison treatment was morethan water deficit after veraison treatment. The treatment of water deficit after veraisontreatment could improve the sensory quality scores notably, while the effects of water deficitbefore veraison treatment on it was not notable. Furthermore, the treatment of water deficitbefore veraison treatment reduced yield notably, while water deficit after veraison treatmentwas not.6. The water deficit after veraison treatment could balance the vegetative growth andreproductive growth, increase the water use efficiency of grape plant, maintain the yield, acquire nice sensory quality scores. In terms of hight quality and maintain yield, water deficitafter veraison was better than the others. According to the research result of this article, theoptimum irrigation method was: irrigated once in the time of before bud of plant, during theShoot growing period, after fruit set, before veraison and made the soil water content in the range of60~80%field capacity, then executed a moderate water deficit after veraison, but renewed full irrigationbegin at middle of August.