The Study Of The Accumulation Of Metal Contamination In50Rice

[Objective]The aim of this experiment is by planting50paddies in the field, exploring the existing circumstances of the accumulation of metal contamination of different varieties of rice, and in order to provide the basis for the further research.[Method]In a total area of50acres of planting rice demonstration base, with the help of local farmers who be under the guidance of professional and technical personnel, planting, fertilizing, irrigating and doing other fields about50kinds of paddy rice which are included20kinds of conventional,15kinds of two high-yielding hybrid rice,15kinds of three-line hybrid rice seedlings, the whole experiment period is100days. Irrigation water samples, rice paddies mud samples, the spike of rice and rice straw were collected during the experiment. The quality of irrigation water was detected and evaluated according to the irrigation water quality standard (GB5084-2005); The rice paddy mud samples ware detected and evaluated respectively according to farmland soil environment quality monitor technology standard (NY/T395-2012) and the jdurnal of environmental quality assessment standard of edible agricultural products (HJ332-2006); The rice grains ware detected and evaluated according the limited food standards (GB2762-2012); The Bioaccumulation Factors (BCFs) was adopted to evaluating the accumulation ablity of metal contamination in the rice.[Result]1. Experiment1day, paddy mud sample pH is7.00±0.18, the content of lead, cadmium, chromium, arsenic and fluoride, copper, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium respectively were39.56±2.16、0.37±0.01、39.10±1.13.1.22±0.03.216.06±4.60.72.38±2.39、1970.34±0、825.33±41.16、18804.00±382.18、8254.67±37.57mg/kg; Only the content of cadmium beyond edible agricultural products producing area environmental quality assessment standard by0.07mg/kg; Compared with the experiment on the first day, At the end of the experiment, pH, the content of lead, cadmium, chromium, fluorine, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium were no statistically significant difference (P>0.05), the content of arsenic and copper is lower than experiment1day (P<0.05). The content of the irrigation water in five different times, namely experiment1day, the tillering stage, puberty, solid phase and the end of the experiment, are no statistically significant difference, and the content of each test indexes of irrigation water in irrigation water quality standards were within the limited value.2. Milled rice rate was72%, the content of lead, cadmium, chromium, inorganic arsenic and fluoride, copper, crude protein, phosphorus, potassium, calcium of50kinds of rice were0.44±0.02、0.24±0.02、0.57±0.03、0.10±0.02、0.86±0.05、5.16±1.35、8.57±0.52、1.59±0.12、885.81±201.38、53.78±6.06mg/kg, The content of lead and cadmium is respectively beyond national rice evaluation standard by0.24、0.04mg/kg; The content of lead, cadmium, chromium, fluorine, crude protein, phosphorus, potassium, calcium in50different varieties had no difference (P>0.05), the content of inorganic arsenic in No.40, No.47, No.48rice are higher than other breeds (P<0.05), the content of copper in No.20rice is relatively lower than other varieties of copper content (P<0.05), the content of copper in No.42, No.43rice are higher than other varieties (P<0.05).3.50kinds of rice can be divided into conventional rice, two high-yielding hybrid rice and three-line hybrid rice, being analyzed, The content of the lead, cadmium, chromium, inorganic arsenic and fluoride, copper, crude protein, phosphorus, potassium, calcium in rice and bran were no statistical difference (P>0.05), only the content of lead, copper in the straw were statistically significant (P<0.05). The content of lead and cadmium in rice were beyond national rice evaluation standard.4. Lead BCFs, cadmium BCFs, chromium BCFs in50different rice had no statistical difference (P>0.05), No.40, No.47, No.48arsenic BCFs are lower than other breeds (P<0.05), No.20copper BCFs is relatively lower than other varieties (P<0.05), No.42, No.43copper BCFs are higher than other varieties (P<0.05). Lead BCFs, cadmium BCFs, chromium BCFs, arsenic BCFs, copper BCFs in inbred rice, two high-yielding hybrid rice, three-line hybrid rice had no statistical difference (P>0.05).[Conclusion]1. Each detected value of the experimental base of irrigation water are within irrigation water quality standards; the background content of metal contamination lead, cadmium, chromium, ingronaic arsenic, copper, in paddy soil, only the content of cadmium exceeded environmental quality evaluation criteria of agricultural origin; the level of cadmium, lead contaminant in50kinds of rice were exceeded limits.2. The content of cadmium in soil exceeded environmental quality evaluation criteria by0.07mg/kg, inducing the content of cadmium contamination in50kinds of rice is more than limits by0.04mg/kg; the content of lead in soil is within agricultural production and environmental quality evaluation standard range, resulting the content of lead in50kinds rice is more than limits by0.24mg/kg.3. The content of inorganic arsenic in3rice are relatively lower than other species, the content of copper in2rice are relatively higher than other species, the content of copper in1rice are relatively lower than other species, the content of lead, cadmium, chromium, fluorine, crude protein, phosphorus, potassium, calcium in50different varieties had no difference, the content of the lead, cadmium, chromium, inorganic arsenic, fluoride, copper, crude protein, phosphorus, potassium and calcium in conventional rice, two high-yielding hybrid rice and three-line hybrid rice were no statistical difference.4. Lead BCFs, cadmium BCFs, chromium BCFs in50different rice had no statistical difference, arsenic BCFs in3rice and copper BCFs in1rice are lower, copper BCFs in2rice are higher; Lead BCFs, cadmium BCFs, chromium BCFs, arsenic BCFs and copper BCFs in conventional rice, two-line hybrid, three-line hybrid rice have no difference.Comprehensive analysis, the content of lead, cadmium, chromium, arsenic, copper in the soil, the capacity of accumulation of lead of the rice is stronger.