Research On Technology And Equipment Of Corn Mechanization Harvest For Intercropping Pattern

Crop intercropping pattern has long history in China, it has played apositive role in promoting development of agriculture. Crop intercropping candistribute crops correctly, make crops distribute alternating rows andwell-proportioned, improve light and the ventilation conditions of crops effectively,improve the comprehensive utilization of the land, light and other resources, make fulluse of the advantage of edge to achieve the purpose of increase production, and makethe farmland ecosystem complexity, improve the resistance of crops, reduce theincidence of pests and diseases. The cropping pattern is an advanced agriculturaltechnology with which the development of economic, social and ecological benefitscould keep a balance, it is an important way to realize the sustainable development ofmodern agriculture in China.But in our country, crop intercropping has encountered the key problem is thatthe agricultural machines adapted to the intercropping patterns are not yet mature,among which the problems of the harvester machinery became even more prominent.Especially in the intercropping pattern, the corn harvest still rely on the traditionalartificial harvesting and low efficiency, and the level of mechanical harvest is lagbehind, it has became the key factor that restricted the promotion of the plantingpattern. Although, the level of corn mechanization harvest has been greatly improvedin China, many kinds of corn harvesters had emerged, and the technologies ofmechanized harvesting also been improved. But in our country, different areas’ croptypes, planting standards, cropping systems and planting patterns are difference, andthe development of the machinery is not perfect etc, the corn harvesters still existsome problems that the adaptability, stability, reliability are poor, and thetechnologies are not yet mature and so on, therefore, the development of cornharvesters needs to be further improved in China.In order to solve the problem of corn mechanization harvest in cropintercropping patterns, In this paper, through the research on technologies andequipments of the corn harvest mechanization, based on the existing corn harvestmachines to improve and design on the frame, the cutting table, ear snapping device, stalk chopper and corn ear elevator as well as other mechanisms. Reduce the size ofthe key components of the parameters and rational distribution, reduce the wastedspace and the size of the overall machine, and use the technology of hydraulicintegration, to improve the level of automation of the harvester. A compact structure,small, reasonable layout of the two rows corn harvester was developedsuccessfully-4YZ-2450self-propelled corn combine harvester, the machine functional,flexible, transmission simple, has strong adaptability to spacing and high operationquality,the machine can mechanized harvest in corn narrow row spacing of30-60cm,width of150cm or less of the intercropping pattern, to realize the perfect combinationof agricultural machinery and agronomy.The machine has passed the appraisal of Henan Agricultural MachineryAppraisal Station, and the prototype’s various performance indicators have reachedthe national relevant standards. In the interplanting soybean with corn pattern, theprototype was carried out a large number of field experiments, the experimentalresults showed that the machine has good operation quality, low power consumption,small turning radius, and the rate of corn ear loss, grain crushing, grain loss is lower,also has strong the reliability, stability, adaptability. The machine can finish the earsnapping, corn ear collection, straw cutting and returning, hydraulic automaticunloading and other functions in one turn, and it is suitable for corn mechanizationharvest in mountainous, hilly regions. The machine has been developed successfullywhich solving the problem of corn mechanization harvest in crop intercroppingpattern, reduce labor intensity, improve production efficiency, provide the technologyand equipment for development of intercropping pattern, laid a solid foundation forthe development of modern agriculture efficient and sustainable in China.