| Under field conditions, this study set no-tillage straw covered (T1), no-tillage strawcovered+plastic mulching (T2), no-tillage straw covered+plastic mulching+small shed (T3)and no-tillage the soil cultivation (CK) four cultivation modes as processing, testing for earlyvariety with potato varieties,15-the Netherlands potato. Randomized block design was usedwith repeat3times. Research different potato cultivation mode of no-tillage potato agronomictraits and the influence of soil nutrient, under different cultivation modes of no-tillage potatoyield and quality formation, finally to put forward the best of no-tillage potato cultivationmode, provide technical support for large-scale application, promote efficiency of agriculturalproduction and farmers’ income. The main results are as follows:(1) The important effects of different no-tillage cultivation modes on agronomic traits ofpotato. Under different no-tillage cultivation modes，T3is the best agronomic traits ofseedling rate, plant height, main stem diameter, branches, leaves and so on. Plant growth isvery strong, it has a shortest growth period of92days. T2crown handle up to37.66cm.Treatment T2, T3in seedling rate, plant height (except mature stage), the main stem diameter,leaves and CK reached a very significant difference levels.(2) Different cultivation modes of no-tillage potato soil nutrient has a certain influence.In0-20cm of soil cultivation, along with the advancement of the potato growth period, soilnutrient showed a trend of gradual decline, in the tuber formation to tuber expansion period,potato absorb nutrient fastest, soil nutrient has the greatest reduction. In potato mature period,the T1, T2and T3processing of soil nutrient are higher than CK, Straw returned to soilnutrient has a very good role in promoting. T3soil nutrient condition is the best, total nitrogen,available phosphorus, available kalium and organic matter content is the highest, higher20.47%,16.84%,11.02%and20.47%than CK on total nitrogen, available phosphorus,available kalium and organic matter content,(3) The effects on different cultivation modes of no-tillage potato in net photosyntheticrate, yield and economic characters are obvious. In tuber expansion period, T1, T2, T3and CK reached the highest in net photosynthetic rate, the net photosynthetic rate is higher thanCK, extremely significant difference between T3and CK. T3is the highest on amount oftuber,yield per plant,average yield. Yield per plant and average yield is higher than CKnearly1times; On the average yield,T1, T2, T3and CK reached the extremely significantdifference level, no-tillage covered cultivation mode has obvious effects on increasingproduction. Large and medium rate: T3>T2>T1>CK, the difference between each treatmentand CK reached significant level; Commodity rate: T2>T3>T1>CK, the difference betweentreatments and CK reached extremely significant level; Straw is light-leaking easily afterbeing blown away, tuber turn green by light, T1green potato rate is as high as17.8%; Diseaserate: CK> T1> T3> T2, all reached significant difference level between treatments and CK.(4) In different cultivation mode, the economic income of no-tillage potato is different.In accordance with the unified seeds, the principle of fertilization, pesticide, T3input is up to1895yuan/667m2, CK is the lowest; T3income is up to4661.09yuan/667m2, but T2hashighest economic profit2855.37yuan/667m2. On potato income and economic profit, thedifference between each treatment and CK reached extremely significant level. Hence, thecultivation mode of no-tillage potato covered is better than conventional mode.It is helpful toimprove the economic benefit on potato cultivation.To sum up, the cultivation mode of no-tillage straw covered+plastic mulching should beas the main technical system, strengthen the interrelated technology investment and research,to ensure agricultural efficiency and farmers’ income. |
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