| The protected horticulture in China developed rapidly, and cultivation area increased year by year. Different regional characteristics of greenhouses, production modes and technical systems have been formed. However, the excessive application of pesticide and fertilizer for more economic profits has caused the ecological environment of soil deteriorated(soil salinization, soil acidification and sever soil borne diseases) and has decreased the yield and quality of crop, leading to serious continuous cropping obstacles. In recent years, the reports about microbial fertilizer have increased, but the researches on crop-specific microbial fertilizer were few. In this paper, the special microbial fertilizer was selected for cucumber and tomato from seven different microbial agents. The effect of brevibacillus laterosporus(AMCC100018) on cucumber(Cucumis sativs L. cv. Jinyou639) and the effect of streptomyces microflavus(AMCC400001) on tomato(Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Helan8) were studied to explore the application methods and the mechanism of promoting growth of special microbial fertilizer in this experiment, and there were four treatments for each crop as follows: 0(CK), 1.5×1014 CFU?hm-2(T1 or T-1), 3×1014 CFU?hm-2(T2 or T-2), 6×1014 CFU?hm-2(T3 or T-3). The results were showed as follows:1. The growth of cucumber and tomato plant and the production of cucumber and tomato fruits increased significantly under the treatments of 3×1014 CFU?hm-2 brevibacillus laterosporus or streptomyces microflavus application. The production of cucumber and tomato of T2 and T-2 treatments increased by 10.3% and 9.85% respectively, compared with CK treatment.2. The height, stem diameter, root volume, root activity of cucumber plant were increased under the mixed application of brevibacillus laterosporus and organic fertilizer treatment, whereas the electrolytic leakage and mlondiadehyde content in cucumber leaves were reduced significantly. Meanwhile, the enzyme activity, edaphic characteristics and fertility levels of soil were improved significantly. The available mineral elements contents in soil of T2 were significantly higher than CK, T1 and T3, and the content of organic matter of CK treatment was significantly lower than other treatments in the whole growth period. The contents of N, P, and K under T2 treatment were increased by 3.9%, 16.8% and 19.9% respectively compared with CK on Jun 12.3. The yield and quality of cucumber fruits were increased significantly under the mixed application of brevibacillus laterosporus and organic fertilizer treatment. The yield of T1,T2 and T3 increased by 4.05%, 9.15% and 4.58% respectively and the nitrate content in fruits decreased significantly compared with CK. The contents of Vitamin C, soluble sugar, soluble protein, free Acids in fruits of T1, T2 and T3 treatments were significantly higher than CK treatment.4. The height, stem diameter, root volume, root activity and leaf number of tomato plant were increased under the mixed application of streptomyces microflavus and organic fertilizer, whereas the electrolytic leakage and mlondiadehyde content of leaves were decreased significantly. The contents of chlorophyll and proline(Pro) were increased significantly, and the enzyme activity, edaphic characteristics and fertility levels in soil were also increased. The contents of P, K in T-2 treatment were higher by 12.8% and 15.6% respectively compared with CK on June 12 th. The number of bacteria in tomato root zone soil was the highest, and then actinomycete, the number of fungi was the lowest. The numbers of bacteria and actinomycetes under the mixed application of streptomyces microflavus and organic fertilizer treatment were significantly higher than CK, and the number of fungi was lower, whereas the difference was no significant.5. The yield and quality of tomato fruits were increased significantly under the mixed application of streptomyces microflavus and organic fertilizer treatment. The yield of T-1,T-2 and T-3 increased by 9.71%, 10.14% and 7.80% respectively and the nitrate content in fruits decreased significantly compared with CK. The contents of Vitamin C, soluble sugar, soluble protein, lycopene and the ratio of sugar-acid and in fruits of T-1 T-2 and T-3treatments were significantly higher than CK treatment. |
PDF Full Text Request