Study On The Relationships Between Microbes Of Fruit And Jujube Fruit Shrink Disease With Other Factors

As the growing area of jujube trees in recent years, disease and insects spread rapidly, making lots of economy lost. The jujube shrinking disease is one of the most damaging, it damaging the mature fruits seriously, reducing the quality of jujube fruit, even, it taking disaster. Therefore, the shrinking diseases of jujube becomes the focus of researchers.The paper haves studied the susceptible variety-Qiyuexian healthy and sick fruits. Beginning from the jujube fruit growing, we isolated, purified, culture the microbes from fruits, and then determining by morphology and molecular biology identification. At the same time, we measure the incidence of a disease and the change of content of sugar and water. For providing basic information for prevention and cure of jujube shrinking disease by microecological control, we explore the relations between disease and the environment of microecological. Main results of study as follow:1. Strains of 2079 fungi were from 1440 fruit segments. Combined morphological characteristics and molecular biology identification, 14 orders, 1 group, 22 families, 45 genera. The relative frequency of Alternaria sp., Ulocladium sp., Cladosporium sp., and Phoma sp. are cover 10% of total isolations. Strains of 1450 bacteria were from 1440 fruit segments. Combined physiological biochemical character and molecular biology identification, 4 orders, 5 families, 9 genera. The relative frequency of Pseudomonas sp., Pantoea sp., Staphylococcus sp., Enterobacter sp., Curtobacterium sp. are cover 10% of total isolations.2. Microbes of jujube fruits consist of fungi, and bacteria. The average of theses microbial species perch more on healthyy fruits fewer than on the sick fruits, and the mount of fungi is more than bacteria.3. That jujube fruits are healthyy or sick has little influences on the consist of microbes. In healthyy fruits, Alternaria sp., Phoma sp., Cladosporium sp., Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. have a high relative frequency. In sick fruits, Alternaria sp., Phoma sp., Cladosporium sp., Aspergillus sp., the threes genus are same with healthy fruits. About bacteria, in healthy fruits all the bacteria have a high relative frequency, beside Acetobacter sp. In sick fruits, basically, the consist of microbes is same with healthy fruits, but it is more disorder than healthy fruits.4. That jujube fruits are healthy or sick has extraordinary influences on the consist of microbes. In healthy fruits, there is a big change about microbes in seven periods. It is in a low level the fore fourth period, and descending after the first period, in the fourth and fifth period, the mount of microbes have a fast increasing, then the mount continue to increase. The tendency of mount of fungi and bacteria is same with the microbes. In the same periods, the tendency of sick fruits is identical with healthy fruits.5. In some degree, the diversity and the uniformity of microflora matter with the happening of disease. The higher the diversity and the uniformity, the more stable the fungi microflora it is and the incidence of the diseases lower it is. The tendency of the diversity and the uniformity of bacteria and the microbes are same, but there is a big difference with fungi, and it is not concordant with the conclusion: The higher the diversity and the uniformity, the more stable the fungi microflora it is, and the lower the incidence of a disease it is.6. The content of sugar has extraordinary influences on the mount of microbes and incidence of the disease. In fruits, the content of sugar has positive correlation with the mount of microbes,incidence of the disease, the high content of sugar will promote the increasing of mount of microbes, and make the incidence of the disease more serious. The content of water has little influences on the mount of microbes and incidence of the diseases and it has negative correlation with these indexes.