| Edible products of genetically modified organisms contain the food of genetically modified plants, animal food and microbial food. At present, there are more than 6000 genetically modified food, genetically modified crops and products containing genetically modified ingredients. With the development of genetically modified foods, the consumers have a steady increasing chance in consumption of genetically modified foods. However, the exogenous genes introduced in genetically modified organisms often express new proteins. If the protein is an active enzyme, it will cause changes of the biological metabolism, resulting in changes in the biological nutrients. C hanges of GMO ingredients, toxic substances, anti- nutritional factors, allergens for example, will potentially affect security of the biological food.The hazards of genetically modified agricultural products were characterized with a low likelihood of serious consequences, and have great unpredictability. We have not yet obtained the exact scientific evidence of serious harm of edible transgenic agricultural products for human. In order to develop transgenic technology, and to make GMO safely appeared on people’s tables for human health services. It is very necessary to establish detection and evaluation techniques to study food security issues of genetically modified agricultural products and take preventive measures.This article aims to utilize the existing foundation and advantages, to establish a set of norms of genetically modified foods safety assessment methods and procedures on the basis of toxicological appraisal and horizontal gene transfer evaluation of genetically modified foods, so as to meet the urgent need for food safety evaluation of GM foods at home and abroad.1、A 90 days sub-chronic toxicological evaluation of genetically modified rice EH in SD ratsDiets nutrients of three groups were reached the full price with the relevant provisions of national standards of Laboratory animals—N utrients for formula feeds(GB 14924.3-2010), and the content of the two kinds of rice were 45%. Rats were fed with diets containing EH rice and Zhonghua 11 rice for 90 days respectively. Body weight and food intake of each rat was recorded twice a week during the trial period, and their behaviors were observed daily. At the end of the test, all the animals were anesthetized and blooded. Growth performance, haematological indices, serum chemistry indicators, anatomy and pathology of all organs in each group were analyzed. The results were as follows: there were several significant differences in hematology and serum chemistry indicators among the three groups, but they were considered to be of no practical significance because these distinctions were in the normal range and related histopathological lesions were not found. Beyond that no significant difference was found in the rest of the indicators among the three groups of rats. Results revealed that transgenic rice EH and Zhonghua 11 rice had the same nutrition equivalence and EH rice was non-toxic.2、 Horizontal gene transfer evaluation of transgenic rice EH in SD ratsAt the end of sub-chronic toxicity test, masseter muscle, duodenum and ileum of the rats were isolated after anatomy. Each sample was numbered and stored at-70 ℃. In ultra-clean workbench the intestinal stool newly formed were put in the freezing tube, numbered and stored at 4℃. Microbes of intestinal feces of each rat were cultured with a variety of microbial culture medium. At the last genomic DN A of the rats’ tissues and intestinal microbial were extracted, and endogenous genes prl of rats, prokaryotic genes 16 S, 35 S promoters, NOS terminators and exogenous genes psy of EH rice were amplified separately. The results were as follows: the 35 S promoter, NOS terminator, and psy exogenous gene were not amplified from all the masseter muscle, duodenum and ileum, and cultured microorganisms of intestinal stool. The results showed that horizontal ge ne transfer from genetically modified rice EH to rats did not occur. |
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