| Canine distemper is an acutely infectious disease caused by canine distemper virus.(CDV), which resulted in the clinical symptoms including bidirectional fevers, conjunctivitis, serious respiratory infection and neurological symptoms. In recent years, with the increasing number of pet dogs, CD cases were often seen in the pet hospitals, whose health were seriously threatened by CDV.In this study, the infection rate of CDV of the parts of Harbin City outpatient dogs in 2012.10~2014.9 were investigated in the different genders, ages, immune conditions and seasons. Also, the the main clinical symptoms of CDV infection and treatment effects were investigated. Combined with epidemiological investigation conclusion and the level of serum CDV antibodies in healthy dogs, comprehensive prevention and control measures to canine distemper were formulated.Investigation showed that the incidence of CDV infection in pet dogs was 5.96% in the urban areas, and there was no difference in the incidence between genders of these dogs. In all of seasons, CDV can be populated, and the incidence of which was higher especially in the winter and spring seasons(P<0.01). With the increasing of dog’s age, the incidence and mortality of CDV in dogs between 2 months and 1 year old had been decreased gradually. The incidence in 2~6 month old dog were accounted for the entire patients group of 50.67% and the incidence of 6~12 months old dogs for patient groups of 23.12%. In the adult dogs, the incidence of CD significantly reduced to 5.78%, and it was only 10.98% in 2 months old dogs in all the patients infected by CDV, but the mobility was 80.70%. The mortality of CD in the purebred dogs is relatively higher than the hybrid dogs(P<0.05). With increasing of the times of being immunized, CDV incidence in the canine was decreased significantly.The investigation of clinical symptoms of CD showed that the fever appeared in all of the dogs infected by CDV, and with the development of the disease, the purulent eye discharge can be seen around the eyes of the patients, and accompanied by respiratory infection. It was possible that the canine could be dead if infected seriously, at that time, neurological symptoms such as convulsions and death appeared. In the early stage of infection, vomiting and diarrhea could be appeared in a few dogs, but the number of leukocyte in the patient canine had been increased during the treatment stage.Investigation to the treatments of 398 cases which were cured showed that CDV treatment cycle was 10~15 days, and accounted for about 85% of the total cured dogs were received the principle of all the treatment, which included antiviral therapy and controlling of secondary bacterial infection, except for the supportive therapy. At the same time, the anti CDV monoclonal antibody and hyper-immune serum were widely used during the treatment.Serum specific antibody level of CDV in 100 cases of canines without CDV infection status surveyed found that 56% of surveyed dog serum with high level CDV antibody, which could resist infection of CDV; While lower levels of CDV serum antibody were in 24% surveyed dogs, the remaining 20% of dogs failed to detect CDV antibody in serum, there had risks of being infected by CDV in this two parts of surveyed canine.Establishment of comprehensive prevention and control measures for CDV was that the level of the serum CDV antibody in both the young dogs and the unvaccinated dogs should be regularly monitored, and the canine whose antibody level was low should be vaccinated in time. |
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