Bioinformatics And Expression Analysis Of MdCSNs Family As Well As The Genetical Transformation Of MdCSN7-1 Gene In Apple

COP9 signal complex(CSN) is pleiotropic adjustment factor of the plant growth and development, CSN is a 450-500 KD protein complexes that conservative evolution in all eukaryotes.It involved in many plant process except photomorphogenesis, these processes include: formation of the photoinduced process other than photomorphogenesis, the flower development, hormone signal transduction pathways, pathogens response,cell cycle, DNA repair, gene expression, etc.CSNs family genes is a powerful one, it plays a key role not only in plant also in all the higher eukaryotes. A lot of research has received in in humans, drosophila, saccharom vces cerevisiae, cauliflower, arobidopsis thaliana. Malus domestica as fruits that is the fourth in the world’s output and the first in China. With the completing of the whole genome sequencing, scientific researchers has been more and more favour of it to make it as a model plant fruit trees.But the function of Malus domestica MdCSNs family genes has not yet been reported,.We prediction and analysis Malus domestica MdCSNs family genes by bioinformatics, in order to lay the foundation of the futher function study.In this study, we based on the study of predecessor who have studied the other species, especially arobidopsis thaliana which as model plants, and obtained 21 genes from Malus domestica through homologous comparing, on the while,we named them after evolutionary tree analysising with arabidopsis thaliana.The results found that Malus domestica MdCSNs family genes is divided into MdCSN1-8 eight subgroups, code 167 to 537 amino acids, isoelectric point 4.70 to 8.13, and mostly of them are hydrophilic protein; Structure analysis of protein secondary showed that the overall mainly alpha helix, followed by random coil, extended strand and beta turn, extending chain and beta are also be included.Similar to Arabidopsis thaliana, Malus domestica MdCSNs family also contains two typical functional domains, MdCSN5/6 subgroups containing MPN domain structure, other subgroups with PCI structure domain.Chromosomal location forecasts distribution in 8 of 17 chromosomes in Malus domestica.Subcellular localization analysis learned that they are located in the cytoplasm excep that MdCSN6-1, MdCSN6-2 MdCSN6-4, MdCSN8-1-1, MdCSN8-2-1, MdCSN8-1-2 are located in the cytoplasm,cytoplasmic membrane, cell wall and extracellular. We have analysised tissue expression for each subgroup gene of Malus domestica MdCSNs family by real-time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR, and the results show that MdCSNs gene family has tissue specificity expression characteristics, and play an important role in the process of plant growth and development, at the same time lay particular emphasis on the different stages of growth and development.To define the PCI motif structure and study its functional significance, we chose CSN7 PCI as a model protein.Cloning MdCSN7-1 gene in Malus domestica genome.It has been verified by sequencing, and obtained MdCSN7-1 transgenic callus by transgenic technology.