| Peanut is one of the source of edible oil and protein in daily life of people, and has stronger adaptability to the environment, moreover, its price is also quite higher on sale. Due to these advantages, the peanut is widely planted in our country. Peanut often suffers from many kinds of diseases and insect pests in the process of growth,which affects the quality and yield of peanuts. Thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin are the commonly used chemical for preventing the diseases and insect pests of peanuts.However, the past studies for the two biocides focused on the sterilization of the diseases and insect pests, and there are less studies on the influence of peanut plants.This experiment takes the leaves and root of peanuts as experiment material and chooses the chloronicotinyl insecticide thiamethoxam and strobilurin fungicide azoxystrobin to study the mechanism for impact of two kinds of pesticides on the peanut growth and development by planting peanuts in the greenhouse.This paper focuses on the influence of seed dressing with thiamethoxam and the azoxystrobin spray on four kinds of hormone and three kinds of enzyme activity of peanuts under different time, and studies the effect of thiamethoxam and azoxystrobin on the physiology and biochemistry of peanuts. Moreover, the influence of seed dressing with thiamethoxam and the azoxystrobin spray on growth and development of peanut is studied from the gene level by analyzing the transcriptome of differentially expressed gene in peanut leaf with the treatment of seed dressing with thiamethoxam and the azoxystrobin spray.The experiment results are as follows.1.The sand bioassay experiment in this paper was determind by thiamethoxam seed dressing including pesticide and seed mass ration 1.7:1000 and 1.2:1000 tested on the peanut growth.In this paper,the content of IAA,CTK,GA,ABA and the enzyatic activity of POD,PPO,PAL in peanut roots and leaves were tested.The results indicated that all the treatments had a role in IAA,CTK,GA,ABA,POD,PPO,PAL of peanut roots and IAA,CTK,GA,ABA,POD,PPO,PAL of peanut leaves.After 7 days of peanut germination,1.7:1000 seed coating agent increased the content of IAA in peanut rootsand the enzymatic activity of PAL in peanut leaves by 12.5% and 14.4%;After 12 days of peanut germination,1.7:1000 seed coating agent increased the content of IAA in peanutleaves and the enzymatic activity of POD in peanut roots by 13.1% and36.6%;After 20 days of peanut germination,1.7:1000 seed coating agent reduced the content of ABA in peanut leaves 2.9%,1.2:1000 seed coating agent increased the content of CTK in peanut roots by 11.1%;After 30 days of peanut germination,1.7:1000 seed coating agent reduced the content of ABA in peanut roots by 9.6%,and increased the enzymatic activity of POD,PAL in peanut roots by 36.6%and 65.3%;After 45 days of peanut germination,1.7:1000 seed coating agent increased the content of GA in peanut roots and the enzymatic activity of POD,PPO in peanut leaves by 10.6%,53.7%and 59.1%, reduced the content of GA in peanut leaves by6.8%.2.The sand bioassay experiment in this paper was determind by azoxystrobin spraying the plants including pesticide and water mass ration0.67:1000 and 0.44:1000 tested on the peanut growth.In this paper,the content of IAA,CTK,GA,ABA and the enzyatic activity of POD,PPO,PAL in peanut roots and leaves were tested.The results indicated that all the treatments had a role in IAA,CTK,GA,ABA,POD,PPO,PAL of peanut roots and IAA,GA,CTK,ABA,POD,PPO,PAL of peanut leaves.After 5 days of azoxystrobin spraying,0.67:1000 azoxystrobin spraying agent increased the content of CTK,the enzymatic activity of POD in peanut roots and the content of CTK and GA inpeanut leaves by 8.3%,22%,10.3%,10%;After 10 days of azoxystrobin spraying,0.67:1000azoxystrobin spraying agent increased the content of IAA in peanut leaves and the enzymatic activity of PAL in peanut roots by 21.6% and 79.5%,reduced the content of ABA in peanut leaves by 6.2%;After 15 days of azoxystrobin spraying,0.67:1000azoxystrobin spraying agent increased the content of IAA,the enzymatic activity of PPO in peanut roots and the enzymatic activity of PPO,PAL in peanut leaves by24.1%,22%,46.6%,25.8;After 20 days of azoxystrobin spraying,0.67:1000azoxystrobin spraying agent increased the enzymatic activity of POD in peanut leavesby 65.5%; After 25 days of azoxystrobin spraying,0.67:1000 azoxystrobin spraying agent increased the content of GA in peanut roots by 13.2%.3.The transcriptome information of differentially expressed gene in peanut leaf with the treatment of seed dressing with thiamethoxam. This study totally obtains 374 differentially expressed genes, 181 up-regulated gene genes, and 193 down-regulated genes, and selects 9 pathways to study, including 21 differentially expressed genes.The 21 gene-coding protein mainly includes: the first one is the key enzyme of metabolism or synthesis, for example, abscisic acid hydroxylase, DNA xylulose-5-phosphate synthase(DXS), acyl-ACP desaturase, PGAK, and so on. The second one is the transcription factor such as ethylene response factor, Aux/IAA protein, TIFY family, and etc. The third one is the protein with other roles, for instance,two-component signal transduction system, Ca-binding protein, superoxide dismutase,and so on.4.The transcriptome information of differentially expressed gene in peanut leaf with the treatment of leaves spraying with azoxystrobin. This study totally obtains392 differentially expressed genes, 298 up-regulated gene genes, and 94down-regulated genes, and selects 8 pathways to study, including 24 differentially expressed genes. The 24 gene-coding protein mainly includes: the first one is the key enzyme of metabolism or synthesis, for example, abscisic acid hydroxylase,9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase(NCED), acyl-ACP desaturase, 3-ketoacyl-Co A thiolase 2(KAS), and so on. The second one is the transcription factor such as ethylene response factor, TIFY family, two-component response regulator and etc.The third one is the protein with other roles, for instance, Photosystem II protein,Cytochrome, and so on. |
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