Study On Temporal And Spatial Variation Of Soil Nutrient During Reclamation In Village Of Coal Base

Shanxi province is located in the Loess Plateau Area, where the Coal is very rich. Its geographic location is an additional factor that make Shanxi province become an energy resources base in our country. However, the large amount of mineral deposits has an influence on the amount of vegetation cover. There were a large number of existing village land to be abandoned and many natural disasters occurred in the Loess Plateau Area for the development of coal resources, the migration of the population to the cities and towns, the new rural constructions and so on.This paper takes Xigao Village in Shanxi Province as the research object, uses the GIS method combined with geostatistics and the methods of soil-landscape model to analysis the content of soil nutrient like organic matter, total nitrogen, available potassium, available phosphorus and spatial distribution before and after the study area reclamation, to summarize the characteristics of spatio-temporal changes of soil nutrient, in order to provide the reclamation in the future. Firstly this study collect samples in the study area in July in 2012 years, use the GIS method combined with geostatistics to analysis the soil nutrient content and spatial distribution before the study area reclamation. Secondly this study selected representative plots in farmland, villages, roads of the study area as the experimental field, and take reclamation measures like deep ploughing, earthing, fertilization, crop planting in these experimental field. Then we collect samples in the study area in March in 2014 years, use the methods of soil-landscape model to forecast and analysis the soil nutrient content and spatial distribution after the study area all be reclamated. At the last, by comparing the temporal and spatial variation before and after the study area reclamated, we explore the change characteristics of the soil nutrient and the influence factors of the change of the soil nutrient, summarize favorable measures in reclamation to improve soil nutrient, in order to provide some guidance for future reclamation.The study results show that the content of the soil organic matter, total nitrogen is low, the content of the soil available potassium, available phosphorus is high. The degree of variation of 4 kinds of nutrient will reduce after reclamation, the coefficient of nugget and range will all reduce, the 4 kinds of soil nutrient will have a moderate spatial correlation. The distribution of soil nutrients in the study area show some regularity. Before reclamation the 4 kinds of soil nutrient have a high content level in the center of village, while the level descending to the surrounding, and every kinds of soil nutrient relatively centralized and not uniform. After reclamation the 4 kinds of soil nutrient will distribute more uniform, and the difference between village and farmland will reduce. The study area is small scale, it’s easily knows that parent soil material and Climate are not the main factors influencing Spatial variability of soil nutrients by analysis of factors influencing the changes of soil nutrients. Terrain, agrotype, human activities and other random factors are the main factors of Spatial variability of soil nutrients. In the process of reclamation in the future, it’s very important and necessary to enhance the measures of land reclamation like partition management, targeted fertilization, adding activator, planting green manure and strengthen infrastructure construction like water conservancy, in order to improve the soil ecological process, Improve soil fertility and promote agricultural production.