The Research Of Limiting Factors Of Summer-Cron High-yield And The Analysis Of Feature Of Soil Fertility In Hebei Province

As the growth of the population, increasingly serious food security, under the premise that a limited number of cultivated land, how to increase the per unit area yield of grain is the main problem, we research the corn is one of the important crops, China’s grain yield of maize potential and actual output gap, and help to further improve the farmer’s production. This test in taihang piedmont plain agriculture in hebei province and the existing low plain agriculture Gong Guan Tian maize yield and control field as the research object, by adopting the combination of questionnaire and on-the-spot sampling measurement method, identify the main factors limit the summer maize yield, and through the determination of high yield field and controlled field of soil physical properties, soil chemical properties and soil biological properties to reveal the soil fertility characteristics of high yield field and controlled field, provide theoretical basis for breeding high yield farmland. The main conclusions of this test is as follows:(1)through the literature research, it is concluded that taihang piedmont plain of the light warm production potential of 12764.65 kg/hm~2, and the difference of farmers’ actual output value of 4916.25 kg/hm~2, high yield field with the farmer’s difference is 2224.80 kg/hm~2.Low plain agricultural production potential of light temperature is 12667.75 kg/hm~2, and the difference of farmers’ actual output value of 5217.42 kg/hm~2, high yield field with the farmer’s difference of 1639.34 kg/hm~2, shows two area has great potential to increase production.(2)the farmers use manifolds of varieties, and chaos, fertilizer use, nitrogen seems to an average of 245.60 kg/hm~2, phosphate fertilizer applying average content of 115.47 kg/hm~2,potash seems to an average of 93.12 kg/hm~2. Nutrient ratio for 1-0. 47:0. 39, fertilizer partial productivity of 16.80 kg/kg fertilizer application is not reasonable, nutrient utilization rate is low, but the variety and fertilization rate is not the main reason for the differences in production. Different sowing date, production is different, on June 13-16,planting farmers up to an average yield of 9735.5 kg/hm~2, respectively than June 9-12, and on June 17-19 high of 11.84% and 6.45%. Using a Boundary line method it is concluded that the soil fertility factor has certain contribution to production, the soil bulk density,available phosphorus and available potassium, microbial biomass carbon and soil invertase impact on production rate were 4%, 16%, 8%, 16% and 8%.(3) Taihang piedmont plain agriculture with low plain agricultural soil fertility characteristics as follows: the soil capacity of the physical properties of high yield field important significantly less than the control, the taihang piedmont plain agricultural 0 to 30 cm soil layer control field is higher than high yield field soil bulk density by 2.42%; High yield field soil porosity 2.45% higher than the control. Field capacity high yield field is2.06% higher than in control field. 0 to 30 cm soil layer in the low plain agriculture control4.07% higher than the high yield field soil bulk density; High yield field soil total porosity3.92% higher than in control field. Field capacity high yield field is 2.51% higher than in control field. Two regions of powder adhesive are high yield field is greater than the control. Overall high yield field relatively porous soil, the retention of fat can be strong.Relatively loose soil chemical properties of high yield field, alkaline soil, the content of most indicators gradually reduce with the increase of soil depth, soil total nitrogen, organic matter, available potassium and phosphorus and phosphorus performance for high yield field is greater than the control. But the high yield field and controlled field difference is not obviousFrom the biological properties of soil, soil invertase, hydrogen peroxide, phosphatase levels are reflected in the content of high yield field is greater than the control, the content of urease high yield field and controlled field. In the 0 to 30 cm high yield field of urease content to urease content is generally less than the control. Soil microbial biomass nitrogen and carbon high yield field and controlled field have significant difference, high yield field of soil microbial nitrogen, carbon content than the control’s content, and with the increase of soil depth, the content is gradually reduced.