Study On The Water And Soil And Nutrient Loss Of Limestone Slopes In Taihang Mountain

Hebei is located in the Taihang Mountain Area in Western Hebei province.The bare mountain ancient strata, through many times of tectonic movement, the weathered rock fragmentation, and under the heavy rain, the debris flow occurs frequently. The limestone mountain area accounted for 30.2% of the total area, over the years due to natural factors and human activities disturbance, the limestone slope soil erosion is increasing. This experiment is using indoor artificial rainfall device, on limestone under storm conditions of soil and nutrient loss, and to provide a theoretical basis for the control of ecological environment and governance mountain sloping farmland in limestone mountainous area soil and water loss in the small watershed management, non-point source pollution. The main conclusions are as follows:1.The application of different fertilizers caused by soil erosion and nutrient loss law showed significant differences. Different fertilizer runoff generation time rule show: Compound fertilizer >controlled release fertilizer > with fertilization,so the hotels fertilization slope soil infiltration capacity is the worst. Three processing slope sediment yield performance of law consistent with runoff, fertilization with sediment yield is 2.1 times of the compound fertilizer, controlled release fertilizer is 3.2 times. The sediment yield variation and runoff rate and showed no correlation. Based on the three treatment sediment runoff and the total nutrient loss found in contrast.Both runoff and sediment or nutrient loss,the size of the order for the total: With the application> controlled-release fertilizer >compound fertilizer, Three of total nutrients of nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium loss showed a total loss of k > P and N total loss. In three different fertilizer treatments, ammonium nitrogen loss amount is little difference in the three treatments in slope, the highest loss of fertilizer is only 22.88 g higher than that of controlled release fertilizer, while nitrate nitrogen showed a significant difference. Through the analysis of the particle in sediment nutrient found, With fertilizer, compound fertilizer and controlled release fertilizer on particulate nitrogen accounted for 43% of total nitrogen loss, 33% and 30%; Particulate phosphorus accounted for the total phosphorus loss amount of 67%, 58% and 51%; Granular potassium potassium accounted for the total loss of 99%, 98% and 97%.2.The slope runoff and sediment yield of different crops are different.The time of runoff is CK< peanuts <sweet potatoes. The control of slope runoff 54.13cm3, Compared with the sweet potato runoff decreased by 133%,peanut runoff decreased by 148%. Compared with the control, the sweet potato sediment yield decreased 10 times, peanut sediment yield decreased 2.2 times. Three processing slope sediment yield and the total amount of nutrient loss showed a consistent change rule: CK> peanut >sweet potato. Based on the analysis of total slope nutrient loss, slope planting peanuts and sweet potatoes are reduced to a certain extent the degree of nutrient loss, peanut and sweet potato on nitrogen were reduced by 3 and 4.2 times, the total phosphorus content less 5.6 and 6.6 times, total potassium content were reduced by 4 and 14 times. Peanut and sweet potato on nitrogen loss mainly dissolved; peanut slope phosphorus loss mainly in particulate form, and the slope mainly dissolved sweet potato; the main peanut and sweet potato potassium mainly for slope particulate, dissolved potassium accounted for only 3.34% and 10.51% respectively.3.The different coverage slope with increasing slope coverage, runoff and sediment reduction with different slope, total nutrients and ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen loss in runoff and sediment yield is proportional to the. Compared with the control, 20% coverage of sediment decreased by 43.91%.The coverage increased to 95%, the sediment decreased by 80.48%.20% coverage runoff decreased 23.40%,95% coverage of runoff decreased by 60.92%. Compared with the control, 95% coverage slope N loss is reduced by 6.23 times, 10.70 times to reduce the amount of phosphorus loss, K loss is reduced by 8.59 times. Slope runoff and sediment nutrient concentration and the degree of coverage was negatively correlated, vegetation coverage increased surface roughness, different types of vegetation and the nature of the influence of solute solute migration in soil and runoff.4.According to the different processing factors of slope surface nutrient loss variation equation fitting, the result proved that the three term equation simulation of slope soil erosion of limestone suitable nutrient. Correlation effects of different fertilizer application on the slope of the fitting equation of nutrient loss is large, the slope nutrient controlled-release fertilizer loss the best fitting coefficient of correlation.