Development Of The Microsatellite And Genetic Structure Of Atrina Pectinata Population

The pen shell, Atrina pectinata, was a commercially important bivalve species, widelyconsumed in the Asian Pacific region. In recent decades, due to overfishing and habitatdestruction, the wild stocks of A. pectinata have declined sharply in China. For the purpose ofprotecting resources and rational exploitation, population genetics of A. pectinata populationswas studied using the microsatellite and mtDNA.1.16new microsatellite makers were developed using FIASCO.249fragments ranged from500bp to1000bp were selected to sequence, and45pairs of primers were designed.27individuals were brought from Xiamen to evaluate the degree of polymorphism. The number ofpolymorphic alleles per locus ranged from2to11. Polymorphism information content rangedfrom0.224-0.871. The observed and expected heterozygosities were0.050-0.913and0.049-0.869, respectively. Genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of five wild A. pectinatapopulations in China were detected by10markers. The mean number of alleles per locus (A)ranged from3.6000to4.8000, with an average of3.7600. And the mean effective number ofalleles per locus (Ae) ranged from2.1635to2.9077, with an average of2.4362. The observedheterozygosities (Ho) and the expected heterozygosities (He) were0.2318-0.3748and0.3452-0.5333, respectively. The genetic distance among the5populations ranged from0.0361to0.5241, the Fst values (Fst) was0.2112, and the gene flow was0.9338. The UPGMA dendrogramshowed that,5populations of A. pectinata clustered into two major groups, theBeihai、 Z hanjiang、 Hainan、 Jiangsu populations belonged to one group, and the Dongshanpopulation belonged to another group. In general, the genetic diversity among the five populationswas moderate, and the genetic differentiation among the five populations was significant.2. The study of mtDNA16S rRNA showed that15sites with gaps or missing and70siteswith base substitution were founded in29individuals within5populations of A. pectinata.8haplotypes were defined from these individuals. As a whole, the average number of nucleotidedifferences was23.764, and the nucleotide diversity was0.05685. The genetic distance among the5populations ranged from0.0012to0.1572. AMOVA analysis revealed that there was significantgenetic differentiation among5populations. The molecular neutral test (Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fstest) revealed that5populations of A. pectinata correspond with neutrality model. The study ofmtDNA COI showed that3sites with gaps or missing and158sites with base substitution werefounded in26individuals within5populations of A. pectinata.12haplotypes were defined from these individuals. As a whole, the average number of nucleotide differences was55.012, and thenucleotide diversity was0.0868. The genetic distance among the5populations ranged from0.0007to0.7879. AMOVA analysis revealed that there was significant genetic differentiationamong5populations. The molecular neutral test (Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs test) revealed that5populations of A. pectinata corresponded with neutrality model.