Evaluation And Utilization Of Potato Germplasm Resources From Peru

Germplasms are the material basis for the breeding. Potato germplasms contain abundantgenetic diversity on yield, quality, disease resistance and stress tolerance. Widely collect andevaluate potato germplasms is important to the potato variety improvement.In the research, the genetic diversity and ecological adaptation of96potato germplasmswere studied on the morphological characteristics and resistance of disease and stress,selected comprehensive properties potato germplasms which could be made use of seedselection or breeding resources. The major results are summarized.1．The morphological characteristics and agronomic traits of96potato germplasms wereobserved and analyzed, the results indicated that plant-type, stems and leaves, flowers andtubers contained abundant genetic diversity in morphological character.2．The incidence of late blight in the field indicated that69potato germplasms ha foliarresistance to late blight, accounting for72.9%,of which5potato germplasms had highresistance to late blight, for further study and disease resistance trait improvement.3．Weighed yield indicated that5potato germplasms yield higher than60000kg/hm2,16potato germplasms yield higher than37500kg/h m2, high yield resources accounted for22.9%could be made use of seed selection or breeding resources in accordance with excellentcomprehensive characteristics.4．Quality analysis of28potato germplasms, screened out8germplasms with high starchcontent(starch content≥18%),9germplasms with high vitamin C content (Vccontent≥20mg/100g),12germplasms with low reducing sugars (reducing sugars content≤0.25%).5．Evaluated96Potato germplasms ecological adaptability, in mid-deep mountain plantshowed luxuriant, in irrigated land showed medium, in dry middle hills showed worst; plantheight showed approximate in mid-deep mountain and irrigated land, higher10cm than in drymiddle hills; diameter of stem no difference. Yield in irrigated land was high, yield inmid-deep mountain was better, yield in dry middle hills was worst. Calculated droughttolerance coefficients(DTC) according to yield in irrigated land and in dry middle hills,5 potato germplasms DTC＞0.69,which had moderate drought tolerance.6．10germplasm resources showed moderate frost resistance.7．ZT had good adaptability and comprehensive characteristics, high yield, up to thestandard of breeding, was certified by the province and national crops variety examinationand approval committee.7germplasms were made use of breeding and screened out6morphs.