| The ecology economy forest of soil and water conservation contrapose mountain area where the ecological environment is fragile, the soil erosion is serious, and the economic development is relatively backward. It is aim at building a water and soil conservation system, improving the ecological environment, keeping ecological balance, while meeting human’s needs, like providing fruit, oil, medicinal material and other forest products with higher economic efficiency as water conservation forest. In my experiment, I choose ecotype forest of soil and water conservation, the chief ecology economy forest of soil and water conservation in low mountains of Hebei, to evaluate the merits of the key indicators of air quality-negative air ion is the research focus, comparative analysis, the test use the negative air ion tester focuse on times of air ion variation and influence factors. Explore aspects of air ions released, the functional characteristics of soil and water conservation forest ecology economy. The main results as follows:1. Daily variation of different forest types of negative air ion concentration all show "high level " trend, the air ions is higher in the morning, gradually reduce at noon, and then gradually increase in the evening. Different forest types of negative air ion concentration in descending order:apple forest(716lona-cm-3)>pinus tabulaeformis forest(649lona·cm-3)> locust forest(586lona·cm-3)> Chinese chestnut forest(520lona·cm-3)>cork oak forest(413lona·cm-3). Comparative analysis of variance, there is a significant difference between apple forest, cork oak forest, and pinus tabulaeformis forest, locust forest; Chinese chestnut forest, there are greatly significant differences between Chinese chestnut forest pinus tabulaeformis forest and locust forest; there are greatly significant differences between cork oak forest and pinus tabulaeformis forest. Different forest types of positive air ion concentration in descending order:apple forest(880lona·cm-3)> pinus tabulaeformis forest(879lona·cm-3)>locust forest(830lona·cm-3)>Chinese chestnut forest(806lona·cm-3)> cork oak forest(701lona·cm-3). Comparative analysis of variance, there are a significant difference between other species and locust forest.2. The variation of negative air ion concentration form May to October in different forest types is:the negative air ion concentration is higher in June, July and September, but is lower in May, August, October. Different forest types of negative air ion concentration in descending order:apple forest(672lona·cm-3)>pinus tabulaeformis forest(573iona·cm-3)> locust forest(541lona·cm-3)>Chinese chestnut forest(482lona·cm-3)>cork oak forest(394lona·cm-3). Comparative analysis of variance, there are a greatly significant difference between apple forest and locust forest. Different forest types of positive air ion concentration in descending order:apple forest(895lona·cm-3)> pinus tabulaeformis forest(802lona·cm-3)>locust forest(801lona·cm-3)> Chinese chestnut forest(712lona·cm-3)> cork oak forest(633lona·cm-3). Comparative analysis of variance, there are a greatly significant difference between apple forest and locust forest.3. The effects of vertical variation for air ion concentration:the air ion concentration showed the same trend when height changes, the air ion concentration decrease gradually when the height increase. The pinus tabulaeformis forest and apple stands of negative air ion concentration have dramatic changes with the height, Chinese chestnut forest and cork oak forest of positive air ion concentration have dramatic changes with the height.4. The effects of temperature and humidity of air ion concentration:the air ions concentration and temperature are inversely related, and the air ions concentration and humidity are positive related. Further, negative air ions concentration and temperature are inversely related greatly significant correlation, positive ion concentration between temperature and humidity are inversely related greatly significant correlation.5. The effects of weather for air ion concentration:negative air ions concentration all expressed as:rain(942lona·cm-3)> sunny(579lona·cm-3)> cloudy(476lona·cm-3). Comparative analysis of variance, there are a significant difference between rain and cloudy, sunny and cloudy are no significant difference. The positive air ions concentration all expressed as:rain(1495lona·cm-3)> sunny(949lona·cm-3)> cloudy(929lona·cm-3). Comparative analysis of variance, there are a significant difference between rain and cloudy, sunny and cloudy are no significant difference.6. The effects of distance from water for air ion concentration:the farther away from the reservoir the lower air ion concentration is. The negative air ion concentration far away from water Om is highest480lona·cm-3, and far away from water30m is highest326lona·cm-3. Comparative analysis of variance, there are a significant difference far away water body between0m and other measuring points. The positive air ion concentration far away water body0m is highest909lona·cm-3,and far away water body30m is highest707lona·cm-3. Comparative analysis of variance, there are a significant difference far away water body between0m and20m,25m,30m.7. The effects of terrain conditions of air ion concentration:the negative air ion concentration the slope is greater than the ditch, the slope max is618lona·cm-3, the ditch min is433lona·cm-3, Comparative analysis of variance, there are no significant difference between the slope and the ditch. The positive air ion concentration the slope is greater than the ditch, the slope max is826lona·cm-3, the ditch min is477lona·cm-3, Comparative analysis of variance, there are a greatly significant difference between the slope and the ditch.8. The effects of vegetation for air ion concentration:the negative air ion concentration the woodland (apple trees) is higher than the grass and the space, the woodland (636lona·cm-3) is the grass (415lona-cm’3)1.5times, the woodland (636lona·cm-3) is the space (309lona·cm-3)2.1times. Comparative analysis of variance, there are a significant difference between the woodland (apple trees) and the space, the grass. The positive air ion concentration the woodland (apple trees) is higher than the grass and the space, the woodland (1077lona·cm-3) is the grass (924lona·cm-3)1.2times, the woodland (1077lona·cm-3) is the space (720lona·cm-3)1.5times, Comparative analysis of variance, there is a significant difference between the woodland (apple trees) and the space. 9. The effects of The apple tree age for the air ion concentration:the negative air ion concentration:stand age of28(592lona·cm-3)>stand age of14(463lona·cm-3)>stand age of10(384lona·cm-3. The positive air ion concentration:stand age of28(823lona·cm-3)> stand age of14(674lona·cm-3)>stand age of10(651lona·cm-3). Comparative analysis of variance, there are no significant difference between the stand age of28, stand age of14, and stand age of10. There are no significant difference between stand age of14and stand age of10.10. The characteristics of plant physiology and biochemistry of air ion concentration: the plant leaf photosynthesis speed and the respiration speed have greatest impact for air ions, it is main index that affect air ion concentration. In addition, blowhole leading, the transpiration rate, have inapparent positive correlations with negative air anion concentration; various forest types of air anion concentration, chlorophyll A have remarkable positive correlations, negative air anion concentration and each index except chlorophyll A have inapparent negative correlation, and have more significant correlation, positive air anion concentration and each index have remarkable negative correlations, the Mg, Cu and Fe of the plant leaf blade have extremely remarkable positive correlations with negative air anion concentration/positive air anion concentration.11. The soil physical properties for air ion concentration:the other items of soil indexes have not remarkable correlation with the air ion concentration. |
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