| Endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) X-278separation from xinji city health cotton cotton leaves, indoor and field test proved that the bacteria have a good control effect on cotton verticillium wilt and has a certain role in the growth. Endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X-278has a good colonize ability, within the root colonization highest quantity can reach2.3X105cfu/g. Within the stem colonization highest quantity can reach1.6×105cfu/g,35d after inoculation is still a good colonization ability. Endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X-278indoor control effect on Verticillium up to59.49%. Significantly increased seed cotton yield of53.46kg/acre. By means of X-ray peptide antibiotics of278strains of fat thin-layer chromatography analysis, proved that the closure of peptide bond class contains substances, one of them for the relative mobility of Rf and the prototype surfactin very similar components; X-ray peptide antibiotics of278strains of fat, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) research shows that X-278strains of lipid peptide antibiotics has an element of retention time and surfactin were similar. Cotton was the livelihood of the strategic materials, was one of the most important cash crops. Verticillium was the most important disease hazard cotton, cotton growth and development occurs during the most common, severe loss diseases. Biological control was the most effective methods of controlling soil-borne disease, so the more promising control method was the use of microbial control of cotton verticillium wilt of antagonism. Study of microbial pesticide formulations in our country was far worse than the developed countries, in order to research new biological pesticide formulations, improve the storage life of biological pesticide, prolong its service life, maintain its control effect, has excellent control effect on cotton verticillium wilt of starch bacillus X-278as the research object. Also in order to make the better application in the production practice, on the basis of previous studies, this study on X-278shaking flask fermentation culture medium and fermentation condition were optimized, and in the roots was developed using microbial tablet, testing the tablets of the indexes and field application effect. To obtain the main results were as follows:1, Using single factor and orthogonal experiments, and through comparing growth of fermentation broth and bacteriostatic activity against Verticillium dahliae Kleb, we optimized the fermentation conditions of endogenous Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X-278. The final optimization of the medium and conditions:1.5%glucose,2%peanut power,0.5%(NH4)2SO4,0.1%CaCO3,0.5%MgSO4,0.5%NaCl, pH7,34℃,180rpm, the seed liquid age was24h, liquid volume was150mL/500mL of triangular flask, inoculum size was2%, incubation time was72h. After optimizing, the number of viable bacteria was to1.5×1010cfu/mL in the fermentation broth,and the diameter of inhabiting circle against Verticillium dahliae was33.4mm.2, In order to develop the tabella of Bacillus amyloiquefaciens X-278, which named as X-278, the different carriers, nutrients including carbon and nitrogen, and adhesives will be screen. The tabella can apply in cotton root, and it was conducive to storage and transportation. And test the indicators of the creature tablets, the main components in the creature tablets:the tabella were developed using the diatomite as carrier, the mass fraction of15%glucose as carbon source, the mass fraction of30%peanut cake as nitrogen source,20%as starch adhesive. The tabella, which was complete appearance, smooth, uniform color, were developed by dry pressing method. The moisture content of the tabella was0.5%, and the bacteria content was7.4×107cfu/g. All the indicators are up to the standard, and the other miscellaneous bacterium were not detected in this study.was detected-20-37℃save200d, it can keep good stability, the stability was best when saving under28℃. Tablets of various indicators were up to the standard. Developed by microbial tablet has good formability, simple process, save time and effort, easy storage, transportation safety, etc.3, The colonization ability of X-278in cotton root, stem, and in rhizosphere soil were determined by rifampicin labeling method. The field control effect on cotton verticillium wilt of X-278tabella, X-278fermentation liquor, and bacillus subtilis wettable powder were studied by randomized block design method. The hightest colonization number of X-278tabella in cotton root, stem and rhizosphere soil were1.56×1O3cfu/g,3.6×103cfu/g and3.8×106cfu/g, respectively, when applying in cotton root40d later. The effective duration was up to60d. The results show that the control effect of X-278tabella to cotton verticillium wilt were superior to that of the fermented liquid and bacillus subtilis wettable powder in field experiment. The control effect to cotton verticillium wilt was86.34%, when the0.6g X-278tabella each plant was used. |
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