| Solanum lycopersicum is one of China’s major facility crops, and temperature control is the premise to guarantee the stable vegetable supply in city. Temperature control is an important part of studying facilities crops whose demand for temperature during the day and night is different. The previous studies pay more attention on the effect of daily mean temperature on the growth and development of tomato than on the growth and development, fruit quality and yield of tomato. Recently, the study of effect of difference between day and night temperature on the control of growth and development, fruit quality and yield of facility crop in light, DIF has drawn much attention of scholars at home and abroad, which is consistent with the developmental direction of high quality, high efficiency, ecology, safety. This research was conducted in experimental green house of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology by designing processing experiment of different difference between day and night temperature and setting the testing tomato as Crown NO.5. This research was conducted in experimental green house of Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology by designing processing experiment of different difference between day and night temperature and setting the testing tomato as Crown NO.5. Taking the artificial climate chamber to control the influence of different difference between day and night temperatures on facility crop, and observing the morphological index, appearance quality, fruit quality, and dry matter yield, etc., analyze the effect of difference between day and night temperature, DIF on the growth and development, fruit quality and yield of tomato and simulate the tomato morphology index and leaf area.The research results can provide theoretical basis and technical support for the temperature control and industrial development of facility tomato. The main results are as follows:(1) At the daily mean temperature of18℃, such indicators as plant height stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area, etc. reach the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of12℃,followed by6℃,with the0℃the lowest; at the daily mean temperature of25℃,such indicators as plant height stem diameter, leaf number, leaf area, etc. reach the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of6℃,followed by12℃,with the0℃the lowest. Studies suggest that The plant height, stem diameter and leaf number are increasing with the treated days by the logistic law. Leaf area and the days after transplanting grows exponentially between linear model:LAi=(Cm/Rm)×ln(1+Exp(Rm×(Ti-T b)))In this formula:LAi for leaf area per plant of I days after planting (cm2); Ti for days after transplanting (d); Cm for linear phase on the part of the largest leaf area growth rate (cm2.d-1); Rm index phase of shoot dry weight relative to the maximum growth rate (cm2. cm-2); Tb for days application of crop plant closure time (D).(2) At the daily mean temperature of18℃,root dry material distribution reaches the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of0℃.followed by6℃,with the12℃the lowest; while stem reaches the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of12℃,followed by6℃,with the0℃the lowest; leaf reaches the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of0℃,followed by6℃,with the12℃the lowest; fruit reaches the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of6℃,followed by0℃,with the12℃the lowest. At the daily mean temperature of25℃,root dry material distribution reaches the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of6℃,followed by12℃,with the0℃the lowest; while stem reaches the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of6℃,followed by12℃,with the0℃the lowest; leaf reaches the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of12℃,followed by0℃,with the6℃the lowest; fruit reaches the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of6℃,followed by0℃,with the12℃the lowest.Meanwhile, the difference between day and night temperature also affects the biomass of tomato significantly, at the daily mean temperature of18℃,the fresh weight and dry weight of tomato in every growth period reach the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of12℃,followed by6℃,with the0℃the lowest; at the daily mean temperature of25℃,the fresh weight and dry weight of tomato in every growth period reach the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of6℃,followed by12℃,with the0℃the lowest. Studies suggest that in each growth period, the reasonable adjustment of difference between day and night temperature helps improve fruit development and raise yields of tomato.(3) At the daily mean temperature of18℃, the setting percentage, the fruit crosscut diameter, fruit weights and yield per plant reach the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of12℃, followed by6℃, with the0℃the lowest; at the daily mean temperature of25℃, the setting percentage,the fruit crosscut diameter, fruit weights and yield per plant reach the highest number at the difference between day and night temperature of6℃,followed by12℃,with the0℃the lowest. The setting percentage, fruit crosscut diameter, fruit longitudinal diameter are positively correlated with difference between day and night temperature, with a insignificant correlation with the mean temperature and the lowest temperature. The maturation from blossom to fruit is negatively correlated with difference between day and night temperature and there is a positive correlation between the setting percentage, the fruit longitudinal diameter and daily maximum temperature. Studies suggest that within the optimal temperature range, the greater temperature difference is followed with faster fruit development, greater increment and higher output and is conductive to fruit set. |
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