Effects Of Nighttime Warming And No-tillage On The Growth And Yield Of Soybean And Wheat

In order to investigate the effects of nighttime warming and no-tillage on soybean (wheat) growth and its uptake and utilization of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K), field nighttime warming system was designed in trial field in Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology. The experiments were conducted with four treatments, that is, normal nighttime temperature with traditional tillage (CK), nighttime warming with traditional tillage (W), normal nighttime temperature with no-tillage (NT), and nighttime warming with no-tillage (WNT). The results showed that compared to CK, nighttime warming (W) significantly decreased soybean biomass by6%-25%during the growing season (P<0.05), whereas had little effect on grain yield, grains per plant, grain weight per plant, and100-seed weight of soybean. During branching and flowering stages, warming reduced N accumulation by30%and20%, respectively, P accumulation by39%and39%, and K accumulation by18%and17%. While, the wheat biomass increased by6%-18%(P<0.05), and grain yield, Spike lets per ear, and Grains per ear were significantly decreased, and Granule weight and1000Grains weight were significantly increased. The N, P and accumulation of wheat were respectively increased by1%～18%,8%～22%and8%～17%.No-tillage had a limited effect on grain yield and yield components, but significantly decreased plant biomass, translocation amounts and efficiencies of N, P and K (P<0.01). While, the decline on wheat plant biomass was not significant, and no-tillage had no significant effect on translocation amount and efficiency of N and P, however, the translocation amount and efficiency of K were significantly lower than the control (CK)(P<0.05).Warming with no-tillage (WNT) treatment significantly decreased plant biomass and grain yield by29%and34%, respectively (P<0.01). Moreover, grains per plant, grain weight per plant, and100-seed weight of soybean were reduced by22%,22%and3%, respectively, under WNT treatment. Meanwhile, at maturity, N, P and K accumulations were20%,22%and16%lower under WNT treatment than under CK treatment, respectively. The nighttime warming superimposed no-tillage conditions showed a single inhibition factor of nighttime warming on wheat, and the N, P and K accumulations were higher than other treatments.Thus, this study indicated that grain and wheat yield and yield components of soybean and wheat were hardly affected by single factor like either nighttime warming or no-tillage, whereas nighttime warming with no-tillage significantly reduced grain yield of soybean and wheat and N, P and K accumulation. Therefore, it is unfavorable to soybean production by means of no-tillage under climate warming condition.