| Morinda citrifolia is called Noni in foreign,Its scientific name is Morinda citrifolia Linn. It’s a tropical medicinal plant of Rubiaceae Morinda. Because of owning good treatment and health benefit, Morinda citrifolia were included in Physician’s Desk Reference(PDR) by American FDA and has been identified as a new resource food by EU and China. In China, the nutritional value and therapeutic efficacy of Noni products are accepted by more and more consumers, therefore, the development of Noni industry is promoted. In Hainan, the unique tropical climate conditions make Noni become a new resource-based industry. However,a lot of problems,such as Noni research started late in our country, infrastructure is poor, planted species is single, medicinal ingredients is not ideal,etc, seriously affect the domestic industry and market competitiveness of Noni products. Therefore, to meet growing market demand, researching nutritional and functional ingredients, screening excellent germplasm and fostering new varieties of higher nutritional and medicinal value are needed.In this study, modern chemical detection technology were used to measure the content of nutritional and functional ingredients of fruit, leaf and deep-processed products (ju’ce> freeze-dried powder) of different Morinda citrifolia germplasms,including protein, fat, polysaccharides, vitamins, mineral elements, heavy metals, total flavonoids, total iridoid and7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-coumarin. Through statistical analysis, research nutritional and functional value in Morinda citrifolia; compare the content differences of nutritional and functional ingredients of different germplasms, screen excellent germplasm; compare the content differences of chemical composition in different parts, screen good peocessed parts; determine heavy metals content in Noni to verify the safety of the product. The main results are as follows:1.Nutrients in fruit of different Morinda citrifolia germplasms, in addition to fat, the average content of the others is relatively high,especially,the content of the mineral elements K (27.68mg/g), Fe (143.05μg/g), Mn (143.05μg/g), Zn (35.44μg/g), vitamin C (20.84mg/100g), polysaccharides (11.62g/100g) are high.In functional components, the content of total flavonoids (23.22mg/g) and total iridoid (10.55mg/g) are high. Noni fruit is high in potassium and sodium ratio, with an average of31.59,which is higher than the traditional potassium sodium fruits orange (15.92) and apple (1.25). It shows that Noni is a good potassium sodium food, suitable for hypertension consumption. Vitamin C in Noni fruit is higher than tomatoes (18.3mg/100g); The content of polysaccharides,which has both nutritional and functional properties,is higher than average level of Morinda officinalis (10.49g/100g); total flavonoids content is higher than rehmannia (16.18mg/g), rubia (16.70mg/g), much higher than ordinary fruit jujube (2.81-4.08mg/g) and apple (1.69mg/g); Total iridoid (15.64mg/g) in freeze-dried powder is slightly higher than medicines ajuga (15.35mg/g).It shows that Noni can not only meet the daily nutrients needed by the body, but also able to play the effect of the treatment of some diseases and adjuvant therapy.2.The results of significant difference analysis at P=0.05level of fruit nutrients in different Morinda citrifolia germplasms show that the content differences of Wan Wei Nol and Tahitian in the fat, polysaccharides, Ca and vitamin C are not significant, content differences of Wan Wei No2and Wan Wei No3in protein, fat, polysaccharide, K, Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn and vitamin C are not significant. In five germplasms, Tahitian germplasm in seven areas,protein, polysaccharide, K, Mg, Zn, vitamin A, vitamin C, etc. rank first,has obvious advantages. The results of significant difference analysis of three functional ingredients in different germplasms show that WanWei No2and WanWei No3are no significant difference, Tahitian and WanWei Nol are no significant difference. Wild germplasm has significant difference with the others. WanWei No2and WanWei No3have higher total flavonoids content. WanWei Nol and Tahitian have higher total iridoid and7-hydroxy-6-methyl-coumarin content.Wild germplasm has highest total iridoid content. Comprehensive comparison of three medicinal ingredients, Tahitian and WanWei Nol has certain advantages.3. The results of significant difference analysis at P=0.01level of most chemical composition content in Noni fruit and leaf show that protein, Ca, Na, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn, vitamin A, vitamin E, flavonoids and total iridoid content in leaf are higer than Noni fruit.It shows that Noni leaf also has a very good development value.4. The results of heavy metal content show that six kinds of heavy metals,As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb in Noni juice are lower than the national standard, indicating that Noni,planted in Hainan Island,is no heavy metal contamination. |
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