The Study On The Expression And Localization Analysis Of Malvolio Gene In Nurses And Foragers Of Chinese Honybee, Apis Cerana Cerana

Compared with other species, Apis cerana cerana is a high-quality species native to China. Its pollination play an important role to our country in maintaining ecosystem balance and modern agriculture. The main feed source of honeybees is the nectar and pollen of nectariferous plants, and the main components of nectar is glucose, fructose and sucrose. Sucrose is an important factors stimulating the behavior of bees foraging, the difference response of sucrose influences the foraging behavior of bees. The Malvolio gene affects the Drosophila’s response of sucrose, and its transcriptional level in brain tissue associated with foraging behavior of bee.This study analyzed the similarity of amino acid between Acmvl of A. c. cerana and Malvolio of other species on the basis of obtained the cDNA and protein sequences of Acmvl. A quantitative analysis of its mRNA and protein expression level of Acmvl in different tissues (antennal, head, thorax, abdomen and leg) of the nurse, nectar forager and pollen forager was conducted using the real-time PCR and western blotting technique. In situ hybridization was used to detect the localization of Acmvl mRNA in brain of the forager. The primary results are as follows:(1) Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Acmvl of A. c. cerana and Malvolio of other Hymenoptera insects gathered in the same clade and with Nramp2 of Nramp famliy gathered in another same clade. The Acmvl of A. c. cerana had an extensive similarity to Nramp of Mus musculus, Oryza sativa, Drosophila melanogaster and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, belongs to Nramp family.(2) The Acmvl transcript was clearly detected at different tissues of the worker, and it was expressed significantly higher in thorax of nurses, abdomen and leg of nectar and pollen foragers. It indicates the expression of Acmvl gene have an effect on foraging behavior of bee. As a member of the family of Nramp, Acmvl gene can be the homologous with Nramp2.(3) The Acmvl protein expression was detected in head, thorax and leg tissues of worker, but almost no expression in abdmen. In nurses, the protein had a highest expression at thorax tissue, which was consistent with mRNA. In foragers the protein had a higher expression at brain tissue. It indicate Acmvl protein expression at brain tissue of forager is related to its foraging behavior, and in the head, and affects foraging behavior because of by transporting Fe2+, Cu2+ and Mn2+.(4) Based on octopamine (octopamine, OA) can improve the sensitivity of the bees to respond to sucrose, as well as in the bee that mushroom bodies and antennal lobe with highly expression of forager, we believe that Acmvl genes influence on foraging behavior may be by acting on sucrose reaction related to OA system.In conclusion, we studied mRNA and protein expression of Acmvl gene at different tissues of the nurses and foragers, and detect the localization of Acmvl mRNA in brain of forager, and showed the relationship betw ccceen expression characteristics of Acmvl and foraging behavior. This may provide a fundamental evidence for the future study of the physiological function of Acmvl.