| This article focused on the HongShuiGou dam land that in zhongyang county of shanxi provinces as the research object, systematic analysis the physical and chemical properties of the dam land soil, establishment a dam soil fertility evaluation system, and comprehensive evaluation the fertility condition of the HongShuiGou land; on the basic of fertility evaluation, put forward a optimized fertilization scheme, conducted a dam corn yield trials; The main results are as follows:1. The fractal dimension of the dam land soil in study area are between 2.7602-2.8502, and there is no obvious regularity in a horizontal direction change; pH value of the soil dam are between 7.58-8.52, average is 8.09, the soil is weak alkaline; the CEC content of the dam land are between 7.73cmol/kg-14.49cmol/kg, average is 10.92 cmol/kg, belong to a lower level;2.The organic matter content of the dam land are between 1.85g/kg-6.65g/kg, average is 4.34g/kg, belong to the extremely low level;3. The total nitrogen content of the dam land are between 0.26g/kg-0.79 g/kg, average is 0.49g/kg; the available nitrogen are between 5.84mg/kg-34.54mg/kg, average is 20.46 mg/kg; both of those are belong to the extremely low level;4. The total phosphorus content of the dam land are between 0.37g/kg-0.65g/kg, average is 0.53g/kg, belong to a lower level; the available phosphorus are between 3.34mg/kg-11.63mg/kg, average is 6.76 mg/kg, belong to a low level;5. The total potassium content of the dam land soil are between 16.66g/kg-25.40g/kg, average is 21.51 g/kg, belong to a higher level; Soil slowly available potassium content are between 724.34mg/kg-1112.47mg/kg, average is 918.44mg/kg, belong to a higher level; Soil available potassium content are between 93.74mg/kg-176.38mg/kg, average is 130.79 mg/kg, belong to a lower level;6.The IFI scope of HongShuiGou’s dam land is 0.385-0.533,except the list belong to a low level.others are belong to a medium level;7. Optimized fertilization can improve corn’s growth and development; optimized fertilization corn plant height, stem diameter were greater than traditional fertilization. C1 and Y1 treatment’s plant height has a difference significant both in seedling stage and heading stage; C2 and Y2 treatment’s plant height has a difference significant both in jointing stage and heading stage; C1 and Y1 treatment’s thick stems has a difference significant at heading stage; C2 and Y2 in seedling, jointing has a significant height difference.8. Optimized fertilization can promoting the soil nutrients transform. Optimized fertilization treatment of soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium content were more than traditional fertilization. Soil available nitrogen and available phosphorus content was not significant difference in the corn growth period; C1 and Y1 treatment’s soil available potassium content has a difference significant in ripening stage; C2 and Y2 treatment’s soil available potassium content has a difference significant in seedling jointing and heading stage;9. Optimized fertilization can improve the soil enzyme activity. Optimized fertilization treatment of soil invertase, soil catalase and soil urease activity were higher than traditional fertilization. Significant difference was found in soil invertase activity in each growth period; Catalase activity were significantly different in the seedling stage, C1 and Y1 treatment has a significant difference in the jointing stage; C1 and Yl treatment’s urease activity were significantly different in the seedling stage, C2 and Y2 treatment were significantly different in jointing and heading stage;10. Optimized fertilization could increased the corn’s ear length, ear diameter, grain weight, kernel weight and maize yield; but the difference was not significant.11. Optimized fertilization treatment get a higher corn economic benefits than the traditional fertilization treatment. Y1 and Y2 treatment than C1 and C2 respectively net income increased by 77 yuan/mu,338 yuan/mu. |
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