Research Water Requirement Rovince

Yunnan province is the largest base of Chinese production and export coffee bean, but from the whole view, coffea arabica industry in Yunnan province is still in the initial stage, the significant problems are low planting level and less competitive. As a garden economic crop which is requiring high natural condition, the cultivation of the coffea arabica is affected by soil seasonal drought, yield and quality cannot be guaranteed. Water deficit will result in obvious change of coffee physiological and growth. Is known as the "natural greenhouse" of the Yuanmou irrigation district is an important production base for development of tropical economic crops in Yunnan province. But the precipitation is less and uneven temporal and spatial distribution of the irrigation district, seasonal drought and water shortage problem is prominent, the construction of water conservancy infrastructure development was lag, the coexistence of shortage of water resources and the engineering shortage of water in this district, high quality and efficient production of coffea arabica are limited by these unfavorable factors. Under the background of global climate change, big changes will inevitably occur in China’s agricultural and domestic water and so. Therefore, in-depth study of the coffea arabica water demand and the impact of climate change on water requirement in irrigation area of Yuanmou, it has great significance to the available water resources planning of agricultural water resources planning and rational distribution of regional. Master scientific coffea arabica water requirement rule is helpful to optimization of water resources in irrigation district management, to provide a theoretical basis for the coffee industry development.Based on date (1956-2010) of precipitation, average wind speed, average air pressure, relative humidity, vapor pressure, average temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature, sunshine hours of Yuanmou meteorological stations. Calculation and analysis of Yuanmou irrigation area of coffea arabica daily variation, the water demand and the moisture index monthly and annual changes. Meanwhile the use of correlation analysis, the partial correlation analysis and the path analysis to study the degree of influence of each meteorological factor on coffea arabica water demand Yuanmou irrigation district, the following conclusions can be drawn from the study:(1) The trend of Yuanmou irrigation district coffea arabica water requirement showed a single peak parabola shape in a year. The growth of key water requirement stage of coffea arabica is Mar, April, May, and also is the largest water deficit during the period, the degree of dependence on the maximum irrigation. In June, July and August, the water requirement of coffea arabica, water deficit is smaller, that required less irrigation supplies. For the seasons, the growth of coffea arabica irrigation demand from high to low are spring, summer, autumn, winter.(2) The water requirement of coffea arabica showed a descending tendency during 55 years of Yuanmou irrigation district, and the total crop water surplus deficit index was a negative, that is the coffea arabica lack of water. The mutation occurs since 1981, the tread of water requirement was showed an obviously decline, and at the same time, the amount of water deficit was significantly reduced. It was show that irrigation replenishment significantly decreasing year by year for the coffea arabica of Yuanmou irrigation district.(3) To analysis for bivariate correlations the average daily water demand with each meteorological factor for coffea arabica of Yuanmou irrigation district, obtained the degree of correlation high to low is daily average wind speed, daily average relative humidity, sunshine hours, daily maximum temperature, daily average vapor pressure, daily precipitation, daily average pressure, daily average temperature, daily minimum temperature. Do correlation analysis for monthly water requirement and each meteorological factor partial. Draw further conclusions, wind speed and sunshine hours are the most significant impact of meteorological factors for coffea arabica growth of Yuanmou irrigation district.(4) Methods partial correlation analysis and path analysis of variability on different time scales on coffea arabica of Yuanmou irrigation district water requirement under attribution. To strike correlation between various meteorological factors and coffea arabica water requirement, analysis of the impact of climate change on crop water requirements. According to the study results, coffea arabica water requirement most significant meteorological factors are the wind speed and sunshine of Yuanmou irrigation district.