Effects Of Cultivation Factors On Production And Component Factors Of No. 3 New Sorghum

The No.3 New Sorghum, which was breed by Xinjiang Agriculture Association, was used to investigate the suitable seeding date, seeding density and irrigation times of Sorghum in Yili region through a randomized block designs with two factors of seeding date and seeding density under different irrigation times. By Quadratic regression general rotation design, the best suitable fertilizer ingredient and the effects of Nitrogen and phosphate on the biology yields, seed yields and sugar yields of sweet sorghum was also investigated; the results of the study can afford the theory basic for sweet sorgum cultivation. The main results are as follow:(1)With the delay of seeding date, the living time of sweet sorghum became shorter; the living time of sweet sorghum at the last seeding date was shorter about 13 days than the first seeding date. Seeding density has a significant effect on the major agronomy characters of sweet sorghum, such as stem diameters, plant height, stem height, panicle length and stem weight. The seeding date also has extremely significant effect on the biology yields, stem yields and sugar yields of sweet sorghum, while it has significant effect on the seed yield. Besides, the major economic characters were interact affect by seeding date and seeding rate. Panicle length, plant weights and stem weight have significant difference under the interacted effect of seeding date and seeding rate, but the stem diameter, plant height and stem length have no difference under different treatments. These results indicated that the best seeding time of sweet sorghum was near 5 Apr. and the best seeding density was about 120,000 per hectare in Yili valley region(2)Nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer have a relatively little effect on panicle length, stem length and section numbers, but the relationship of nitrogen and stem diameter was para curve, and phosphate have no effect on stem diameter. The relationship of these two fertilizers with stem length was para-curve too and nitrogen has a stronger effect than phosphate. The effect of Nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer on suger content was “S-curve”, when the input of urea between 109.8kg/hm2~640.2kg/hm2 and single super phosphate input between 43.95kg/hm2~256.05kg/hm2, the sugar content were increased fastest. These two fertilizers have a significant effect on sorghum yield. The sweet sorghum gets the highest yields when the input of urea was 750 kg and single super phosphate was 150 kg per hectare. The two fertilizers also has significant effect on the seed yields, stem yields and sugar yields. In order to get the best seed yields, stem yields and sugar yield, the fertilizer input was 375 kg urea and 150 kg single super phosphate.(3)More irrigation times have a positive effect on the biomass and stem yield. Five times irrigation has the greatest stem diameters, which was significant greater than the two times irrigation. Six times irrigation has the biggest plant height, which was significant higher than the two and three time’s irrigation. The irrigation times has the same effect on the stem length as the plant height, while there are also have some apparent difference. The stem length of four times, five times and six times irrigation were significant higher than two times irrigation, but there is no difference between five times and three times irrigation. The plant weights and stem weight was highest at six times irrigation, which was significant higher than two times irrigation. The degree of brix has no difference between different irrigation times. Through the results, we can conclude that four to six times irrigation were the best choice in Yili for sorghum cultivation.(4)The degree of brix of each sweet sorghum internodes has significant difference. From up to the bottom of each plant, the brix degrees show a lower-higher-lower change trend. The brix degree of eighth internode was similler with the average number of total plants, which the value was about 20.8. The fourth and fifth internode has a hightest brix degree and the fifteenth internode have the lowest brix degree number. The brix degree of sixth internode was significant positive correlation with the average brix degree of total plant, while the other internodes have no correlations with average brix degree. Meanwhile, the other internodes have insignificant relationship between these two characters.