A Phylogenetic Study On Medicinal Plant Oreocharis And Its Related Species

Oreocharis Benth., a genus in the subfamily Cyrtandroides of Gesneriaceae, Trib. Didymocarpeae. It comprises 29 species and 5 varieties, mainly distributed in China. There was always confusion with respect to the classification and circumscription among some primitive and closely related genera, i.e.Isometrum, Ancylostemon, Tremacron and Opithandra and at the same time it has medicinal value and ornamental value. Oreocharis and its allied genera has the characteristic distribution such as narrow distribution, less resources and so on, then it has important theoretical significance that clear the phylogeny of relationship between Oreocharis and inside to fully development and utilization.Oreocharis and its related species contains 4 pieces of fertile stamens and 1 staminodes on back except Opithandra contains 2 fertile stamens, 1-3 staminodes outside. Traditional classification according to stamens separated or attached in pairs to the genus and the flower pattern and corolla between sections, with the founding of new taxa, morphological characters appear cross between sections and genera, and gradually confusions boundaries between groups. How the phylogenetic relationship between Oreocharis and its related genera. To solve above problems, this article used measures through consult specimens, field observation and molecular systematics study, some preliminary conclusions are drawn:This study used the chloroplast gene sequence(atp B-rbc L, rp L16, rps16, trn H-psb A and trn L-F) and nuclear gene sequence analysis(ITS) and the joint sequence betweem the most parsismony analysis and bayesian analysis, by many samples in the same species, and combining the research tried to explore morphological traits. Results show that the Oreocharis is more than a morphyology groups, and the Oreocharis belongs to different group of species have relatively stable genetic inheritance; Whether in ITS nuclear gene tree or chloroplast gene combined data or nuclear and chloroplast genetic data establishment process, it’s Oreocharis that belongs to the Clade B, C, D and E with the biggest or strongly support, so this study solved the Oreocharis in all kinds of relationship betterly; From the phylogenetic tree, Oreocharis is scattered with and its related species in fusion state relations, the genus and relatives have closely genetic relationship between groups. Oreocharis flavida and pattern of allocation in guangxi Opithandra sinohenryi for one branch, but the support is weak. There are large differences on morphological characters, especially the reproductive organs between the two kinds, it may demonstrated that Opithandra had a specialized process during its evolution to have only two fertile stamens groups; At the same time Opithandra acaulis and Opithandra dinghushanensis are in a group with 2 fertile stamens, although they are especially different on corolla tube and corolla lobes, this still showed that the ancient branch have had a specialized evolution to separeted with the 4 fertiles groups with distant relative relationships.Oreocharis and its allied species as endemic to China with the vast majority of distribution, and they have important biological learning and evolution of the geography research value, and at the same time there is little research with chemical components and medicinal value about them. As a specialty traditional medicinal plants in our country, it has become an effective way to find new durgs from the genus and its allied species with new chemical composition or physiological active substances extracted.