Diversity Of Endohpytic Fungi From Tree Peony

Endophytic fungi, which are fungi that colonize in plants without causing visible disease symptoms, are comnon in plants, and have been found to be ubiquitous within all examined plants. Endophytic fungi represent a important under explored resource of biological compounds.Peony is a valuable ornamental and medicinal plant in China. Here, we investigated the endophytic fungal diversity of 20 varieties of Paeonia suffruticosa, P. qiui, P. rockii ssp. rockii, P. rockii ssp. atava, and P. ostii(include 2 varieties) through isolation, morphological identification and molecular biology identification.Three hundreds and five endophytic fungi were isolated from 2520 segments of tree peony. A total of 14 endophytic fungi genus were classified using traditional morphological identification method and molecular biology identification method. They were Pestalotiopsis, Botryosphaeria, Phomopsis, Phoma, Chaetomium, Cryptococcus, Glomerella, Cladosporium, Mycosphaerella, Coprinopsis, Myceliophthora, Alternaria, Guignardia, Phyllosticta. The most abundant genera were Alternaria(isolation frequency was 38.36%), Guignardia(isolation frequency was 20.66%), Botryosphaeria(isolation frequency was12.79%), Glomerella(isolation frequency was 10.82%).There are seven strains did not produce spores and have not the approximate DNA sequence in the database.The composition and ecological distribution patterns of endophytic fungus from tree peony were studied by isolation rates(IR), colonization rates(CR), isolation frequency(IF), Shannon-Weiner diversity index(H) and similarity coefficient(Cs). The results indicated that the mangrove fungal community possesses a vast diversity and richness of endophytic fungi. The isolation rate and colonization rate for the overall tree peony fungal community were 11.06% and 17.71% respectively. The results revealed significant differences in the Shannon diversity index when the plant part, sampling site, species and times were different. According to the calculated diversity indices, the fungal diversities followed the following order of scale: petiole>lamina, P.ostii>P.suffruticosa>P.rockii ssp.atava> P.rockii ssp.Rockii >P.qiui.The antifungal activity of these isolates against Exserohilum turcicum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Bipolaris sorokiniana, and Curvularia lunata in vitro. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the dual culture assays and culture filtrates of endophytic fungi. 168(80%) isolates showed antifungal activities with growth inhibition rate against the one or more pathogens. The culture filtrates of endophytic fungi displayed maximum antimicrobial activity(63.38%) against the Bipolaris sorokiniana examined which was followed by WSY1Z6(Chaetomium sp.).