A Research Of Canopy Configuration And Control Technology In Different Management Types For Karst Forests

Control technology of forest management is an important action to promote and enhance the forest functional effects. After the recovery of deserted ecological vegetation, How to determine the target species in different management types, to regulate the stand structure, and to promote the development of forest effect is the key point which perplexed the forest community management. This paper is based on the scientific theory of ecology, forestry, restoration ecology and bio-diversity conservation, etc. Set the reasonable stand structure in different management types as goal; the rocky desertification vegetation restoration demonstration area in the central of Guizhou which is supported by Chinese Ninth and Tenth Five Years Plan as the object of study, and the development of forest multiple target function as direction. Based on the different functional group business objectives of the foundation, namely, water conservation and management in medicine- material type, type and material used to soil and water conservation management, solid carbon release oxygen and material management type three target type in research of Guizhou karst forest ecological economic function in group of structure evaluation and management countermeasure. Developing the research respectively in Betula luminifera forest of mountain tending management types,cryptomeria fortunei, camptotheca acuminata, Magnolia bark mixed in the mountain improved business types and bodinieri Betula luminifera in reforestation closing operation type, The main conclusions are as follows:(1) In the recovery process of rocky desertification vegetation, it has obvious difference in different artificial measures which deal with different impact on the recovery area species composition. Especially the measure of close hillside ameliorative measure has improved the The species diversity of community.Community stability in the order community Stability is Closing off afforestation management type > closing off tending management type >closing off improved management type. For the leaf of 25 dominant plant species, The N: P value variation range between 8.08 ~ 18.33, with an average of 13.13 ± 2.32, there were 19 species(76.0%) for the N/P value below 14.0. The plants in forest community restricted mainly by the N element in the research area. So, there should be appropriately retain the nitrogen-fixing ability species when there will regulate those forest community structure.(2) The target seeds of trees DBH and HT, HB, the CW, CL were a significant positive correlation(P < 0.01), the size has its difference in the correlation of different target tree; Established with the aim to independent variables of Betula luminifera DBH(C, R^2 = 0.819), Magnolia officinalis(C, R^2 = 0.812), and with the aim to independent variables of HT Cinnamomum bodinieri(P, R^2 = 0.873), Cryptomeria fortunei(P, R^2 = 0.836) and Camptotheca acuminate(P, R^2 = 0.863) of the CSA optimal forecast model; With DBH as the independent variable of CV regression fitting effect for Betula luminifera(C, R ^ 2 = 0.819) >Magnolia officinalis(C, R^2 = 0.812) > Cryptomeria fortunei(R^2 = 0.783) >Cinnamomum bodinieri(P, R^2 = 0.772) >Camptotheca acuminate(P, R^2 = 0.730); CV regression fitting effect of HT as independent variables for the Cinnamomum bodinieri(P, R^2 = 0.874) >Cryptomeria fortunei(P, R^2 = 0.863) >Camptotheca acuminate(P, R^2 = 0.837) >Magnolia officinalis(P, R^2 = 0.801) >Betula luminifera(C, R^2 = 0.693).(3) BD of Camptotheca acuminate and Magnolia officinalis is decreasing with the increasing the RHC presents the descending trend, while Cinnamomum bodinieri, Cryptomeria fortunei, Betula luminifera BD with RHC presents a trend of decrease the increase first, there are differences between the specific law of RHC; Each target species of Betula luminifera in addition to BL3>BL4>BL5> BL1> BL2, other goals change rule and BD changes the size of the same. Different target species of AB decreases with increasing of RHC trend, branch biomass summation of different canopy parts increase with the increase of RHC presents now after reducing trend, different target types of the largest canopy parts total biomass of different branches; The average moisture content with the increase of RHC overall showed a trend of gradually smaller, the moisture content of different target species change trend is not exactly the same.(4) The leaf biomass and Leaf branch length of Cinnamomum bodinieri were increased with the increase of RHC showed a trend of decrease after the first increase, Leaf angle gradually decreases with the increase of RHC presented; Each branch level of plant leaf biomass distribution shows the tendency of increase after the first reduce overall, but the level leaf biomass increment is not obvious, the proportion of VIII Cinnamomum bodinieri leaf biomass of different RHC evident differences, various plant branch leaf moisture content showed a trend of gradually increase the overall level, but it is not obvious. Leaf biomass and average leaf branch length of Betula luminifera were increased with the increase of RHC(relative crown high-grade) show the law of the first increase then decrease, and showed a trend of decrease after the first increase in overall, and overall the average leaf Angle shows the trend of increase gradually; Leaf fresh weight of Camptotheca acuminate with the increase of RHC and showed a trend of decrease after the first increase; Different level of raw leaf quantity along with the increase of RHC present different patterns. Leaf branch length is showing a decrease with the increase of RHC rule, followed by 1-A>2-B>3-C>4-D>5-E; The middle class I and class II branch and leaf biomass along with the increase of the RHC showed a trend of decrease after the first increase, but some differences between different levels, at all levels in LB array size order 4-D>3-C>2-B>1-A>5-E, leaf biomass of class I in the order of all levels and array size is 4-D>3-C>2-B>5-E>1-A, leaf biomass of class II in the order of all levels and order size is 3-C>2-B >1-A>5-E>4-D.(5) Estimate the fitting effect the total branch and leaf fresh weight(destructive) and branch diameter(nondestructive) is superior to branch length or branch length of leaf; Different forest environmental LA&BD of Betula luminifera fitting effect as that of the marginal tree > the open grown tree> that of the tree in forest. LA forecast equation of Camptotheca acuminate: the total BLFW(P, R2 = 0.937) > BD(P, R2 = 0.877) > the total BFW(P, R2 = 0.876) > BL(P, R2 = 0.669). LA forecast equation of Cryptomeria fortunei: BD(P, R2 = 0.924) > the tatal BLFW(P, R2 = 0.724); LA forecast equation of Cinnamomum bodinieri: the tatal BLFW(P, R2 = 0.971) > BD(P, R2 = 0.886) > the total BBW(P, R2 = 0.769) > BL(P, R2 = 0.593).(6) Using Cubic respectively to the target tree DBH, HT along with the change of age regression equation are better fitting effect(R^2 > 0.990); Power on tree height(dependent variable) and the relationship between diameter at breast height fitting equations of Cinnamomum bodinieri, Camptotheca acuminate, Cryptomeria fortunei and Betula luminifera is good, and Magnolia officinalis and Litsea pungens non-target trees(important) with Cubic fitting regression curve equation is better. We fitting equation of DBH and V for Litsea pungens(0.997) > Magnolia officinalis(0.993)=Cinnamomum bodinieri(0.993) > = Betula luminifera(0.992) > Cryptomeria fortunei(0.991). The CW and CA explained to volume forecast model based on the equation of DBH as the independent variable is better, and forecast of CL is based on HT for independent variable equation is better.(7) Closed tackling and thinning types of group become Betula luminifera, Cinnamomum bodinieri and Litsea pungens; and forest is given priority to with diameter of wood(50.8%), minimum of large diameter(4.8%); Tending thinning reduces the proportion of level trail in the forest, improve the proportion of diameter class forest; Density and site conditions is to limit the area of forests grow into large diameter class(DBH) the key factor of the trees; Forest tree height distribution on the whole, all showed a trend of decrease after the first increase, and the standard to the actual distribution of HTL number is different.Closed tackling and reconstruct type to Cryptomeria fortunei, Litsea pungens, Camptotheca acuminate, Magnolia officinalis and Platycladus orientalis, tree species is given priority to, and the target tree species and non-target species accounted for 87.83% and 12.17% respectively. Camptotheca acuminate and Cryptomeria fortunei tree controls the forest community in the upper, and occupying a major component of big diameter wood trees(64.0%).Closed tackling type to Cinnamomum bodinieri, Litsea pungens and Betula luminifera species is given priority to, the target and non-target tree species accounted for 80.70% and 19.3% respectively. the camphor wood, diameter and large diameter wood of Cinnamomum bodinieri occupy 57.8%, 38.2% and 57.8% respectively, the population growth in population in the community; and pitch diameter wood and large diameter of Betula luminifera respectively 7.7%, 87.9%, 4.4%, the population declining type in your community population; Non-target species of Litsea pungens a trail in the wood and diameter 46.0% and 54.0% respectively, and the lack of big diameter, the population is stability in the community population.(8) There is certain limitations what light intensity as a qualitative comparison stand light inside and outside environment change, its value size change; The type of forest light intensity changes with the increase of stand density showed a trend of decrease gradually under Closed tackling and thinning management, light transmittance forests significantly decreased; Overall, light transmittance forests of Closed tackling and thinning > Closed tackling and reconstruct > Closed tackling.