Effects Of Biochar On Yield Of Drip Irrigation Spring Wheat And Soil Fertility

Objective:Two-year field experiments was carried out to explore the effect of biochar on soil fertility, crop nutrient uptake and spring wheat yield under drip irrigation condition.Method: The randomized block design was used in this study. There were six treatments: no fertilizer treatment(CK), NP conventional fertilization(NP), NP + manure 6 t.hm-2(NP +M6), NP + biochar 3 t.hm-2(NP + B3), NP +biochar 6 t.hm-2(NP + B6) and NP+biochar 18 t.hm-2(NP+B18). Collecting soil samples after wheat harvested, then soil physical and chemical properties and yield component of wheat were determined.Result:(1) Biochar has no significant effect on soil physical chemical properties for the first year.For the second year, soil bulk density and electrical conductivity were significantly(p<0.05)decreased; p H and CEC was increased by biochar. Soil water stable aggregate content of >2mm was reduced, the content of 0.25~2mm and <0.25 mm were increased in the biochar treatments.(2) Biochar has no significant effect on soil nutrient for the first year. For the second year,soil organic matter, active organic matter, total N, total P and available nutrient contents( alkalystic N, available P and readily available potassium) was significantly(p<0.05)increased by biochar; Soil organic matter, alkalystic N, available P and readily available potassium increased respectively by 4.1%-15.9%, 4.1%- 18.6% and 4.1%- 94.6% and 7.0%-94.6% in biochar treatments comparing with CK treamtment. When the application of biochar and organic fertilizer were completely same, soil total N and available potassiumwere significantly(p<0.05) increased by biochar.(3) For second year, the absorption of plant nutrient(N, P and K) were significantly(p<0.05) increased in the biochar treatments, and biochar has positive effects on yield of spring wheat and yield component. And the amount of plant nutrient absorption was significantly(p<0.05)higher than the organic fertilizer treatment(NP + M6), which was largest in the treatment NP+B6. That is, the absorption of wheat plant nutrients(N, P and K)increased firstly and then Decreased as the increment of biochar increased in gray desert soil.Conclusion: Biochar has no significant effect on soil physical and chemical properties for the first year. For the second year, soil bulk density was significantly(p<0.05) decreased by biochar; Soil organic matter, total N, total P, CEC and available nutrient contents( alkalystic N, available P and readily available potassium) was significantly(p<0.05) increased and soil water stable aggregate also was improved in the biochar treatment; Amount of nutrient absorption were significantly(p<0.05) increased in the biochar treatments, and biochar has positive effects on yield and components of spring wheat.In brief, soil fertility increased with biochar, and biochar has positive effects on yield component of spring wheat.