| With food safety incidents frequently happen, animal drug residue problems are brought to the attention of the consumers, the emergence of the "fast-growing chicken" events make people paid more attention to the abuse of antibiotics.Heavy use of antibiotics causes excessive antibiotic residues in meat, eggs, milk and enhances bacterial resistance, be an important hidden trouble endangering the health of consumers.Chinese herbal medicine has a wide source,medicine food homology, the characteristics of more targeted and multifunctional.Extracts of Chinese herbal medicine in the treatment of the disease has curative effect does, for convenient, high efficiency, etc, and safe, green, was one of the effective product to replace antibiotics.Acanthopanax for northeast China deciduous perennial shrubs, soft reaction, taste, slightly bitter, non-toxic, into the spleen and kidney meridian;With functions of dehumidification, relaxing tendons, the effect of breath, tonic spleen and kidney.Acanthopanax polysaccharide can strengthen body resistance, fatigue resistance and oxidation resistance etc.This experiment adopts the phenol- sulfuric acid method to determine the content of acanthopanax polysaccharide, by single factor test and orthogonal test method to get the best technology of hot water extraction of acanthopanax polysaccharide.Animal testing part with 817 poultry as test object, will good nutritionalstatus of 90 chickens were randomly divided into 5 groups, respectively for immunosuppression group, blank control group, acanthopanax polysaccharide high dose group, middle dose group, low dose group.Every day,feeding acanthopanax polysaccharide to acanthopanax polysaccharide high dose group, middle dose group, low dose groups, respectively, in drinking water by 50 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg, 12.5 mg/kg dose. Blank group and cyclophosphamide feed normal drinking water.In 7 days, 14 days, 21 days process to kill the chicken, record feeding amount, weight the chicken body gain, collect serum, spleen, thymus and bursa of fabricius of immune organ, duodenum, ileum, jejunum and caecum contents.By measuring the indicators to the following conclusion:1. Determine the content of acanthopanax polysaccharide:With glucose as reference substance, using the phenol-sulfuric acid method for determining the content of polysaccharide in acanthopanax. The results measured glucose standard curve for A=0.6653-0.0025 C, R2=0.9975.Polysaccharide content was 2.40%,Precision is good, the reaction products within 2h absorbance value is stable, the average recovery was 99.1%.2. Optimization of the hot water of acanthopanax polysaccharide extractionprocess: To optimize the hot water extraction procedure of polysaccharides from Acanthopanax senticosus,single factor test and orthogonal test were designed to investigate the effects of solid liquid ratio, extraction time, extraction temperature and extraction times on the yield of the polysaccharides. The result showed that the optimal extraction parameters were established as follows: the ratio of material to water 1:25(g/m L),extracted 3 times for 2.5 h per time at 90 ℃in water.Under these conditions,the extraction percentage was up to 23.95mg/g.This study provided the basis for further research of polysaccharides in Acanthopanax senticosus.3. The effect of acanthopanax polysaccharide on the immune function of broilers:Within 21 d, high dose, middle dose and low dose three dose groups of Average Daily Gain(ADG) were higher than blank control group,Feed Conversion Ratio is lower than the immune suppression group;7th day in experiment,the bursa of fabricius index of acanthopanax polysaccharide group were significantly higher(P<0.05); In 14 th day, acanthopanax polysaccharide bursa of fabricius index higher than immunosuppression group, and a significant difference was found in high dose group(P<0.05).The spleen index, the whole period of high dose group were significantly higher than that of immunosuppression, phase 1-14 days middle dose group differ significantly(P<0.05); Acanthopanax polysaccharide groups have influenced the poultry Ig A, Ig M and Ig G in diverslevels. Test of the whole period of 50 mg/kg of acanthopanax polysaccharide group add the highest levels of Ig A, Ig M and Ig G, and differ significantly to immunosuppression group(P<0.05); All the acanthopanax polysaccharide groups can increase the serum IL-2 and the content of IFN-γ, enhance the immune power of the chicken, and the effect is obvious; Acanthopanax polysaccharide groups can improve poultry intestinal microbial flora structure, promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria, and 25 mg/kg of acanthopanax polysaccharide group effect is best.4. Acanthopanax polysaccharide influence on chicken shape and antioxidant function of the digestive tract: Acanthopanax polysaccharide can significantly improve the chicken serum content of SOD, GSH and CAT of high dose and medium dose group, and the high dose group of MDA content decreased significantly. And the high dose group of MDA content decreased significantly. Acanthopanax polysaccharides can increase chicken small intestinal villus length, the thickness of the intestinal wall, and make the dilatation of the intestine villi, closely packed neatly.Conclusion: Acanthopanax broiler dietary polysaccharides, can improve the performance of broiler production, enhance immune function in broilers, broiler promoting antioxidant properties, has important implications for the health of broiler breeding. |
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