Current Status Of Straw Returning To Fields And Application Of Biocr-Based Fertilizers

Straw return is an important measure of recycling agricultural biomass waste for a long time. But straw burning s becoming more and more serious in recent years. In order to provide better understanding of the influence of straw return on agricultural production and farmers’willingness to straw biocr return, the author randomly visited some farmers of Sngqiu municipality which is the major grain-producing city of Henan province, collecting relevant information by questionnaire survey. Biocr is a black carbonization product which can be made by biomass under the conditions of limited oxygen and low temperature, whose main component is the steady-state of carbon. Biocr s large surface area and rich functional groups, which applied to farmland can improve soil structure and increase soil fertility, In particular, biocr s a significant effect on agricultural carbon sequestration and emission reduction. Using biocr as the carrier, biocr-based fertilizers (BCFs) were made by mixing chemical fertilizers with corresponding biocrs in this study. Then a field experiment was designed to explore effects of the BCFs on wheat yield, partial factor productivity of nitrogen and greenhouse gases emissions from wheat field. We hope this test can provide a scientific basis tt BCFs can reduce the amount of fertilizer and improve nitrogen use efficiency of wheat and also can decrease agricultural greenhouse gases emission.The main conclusions are as follows:1、The results of the survey showed tt spraying insecticide frequency of corn and wheat for farmers whose main income from agriculture were each 3.5 times and 3.1 times with one season, which was significantly hihger tn those main income not from agriculture(were each 3.5 times and 3.1 times). This consequence reflected straw return may be decrease yield by increasing plant diseases and insect pests, thus farmers whose main income from agriculture by increasing the number of spraying insecticide to avoid the risk of reducing production.2、Because of farmers with large areas of farmland(0.5 hm2 and above) played more attention on yield, the number of them reflected straw return will decrease yield and increase plant diseases and insect pests was more tn those whose planting scale was less tn 0.5 hm2, significant differences in the 90% confidence level.3、Compared to CK, the BCFs significantly increased wheat yield by 20%～35.4% and partial factor productivity of nitrogen (PFPN) by 17.9%～34.4%. The increases in wheat yield and PFPN amended with PHF, CBF and MSF were significantly higher tn tt with HWF and WSF.4、Applying the BCFs all significantly reduced N2O emissions of wheat field by 56.0% ～65.4% compared to the control. However, no significantly difference existed on CH4 and CO2 emissions. Besides, the GWP and GHGI of wheat field ecosystem decreased by 57.5% ～66.9% and 68.0%～77.5%, respectively.5、Compared to CK, applying the BCFs had no significant effect on soil physical and chemical properties of wheat field. Although significantly increased toal nitrogen content of wheat plant, however significantly reduced the protein content of wheat grain. No significantly difference existed on soil ammonium-nitrogen, nitrate-nitrogen content and leaves’SPAD under different growth stage of wheat fields compared to the control.