| This article chose non-heading chinese cabbage’Yiling’as material, obtained a highest-resistant and high quality autotetraploid non-heading chinese cabbage, created a method for rapid identification of tetraploid; Breeding M1, M2 generation of autotetraploid non-heading Chinese cabbage, doing resistant variety test, enzyme activity, non enzymatic system, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, heat resistance related gene expression analysis for M2 generation of non-heading chinese cabbage, Providing the new germplasm resources for the vegetable market, and providing the theoretical basis for the breeding of autotetraploid non-heading Chinese cabbage.In this study, Use diploid non-heading Chinese cabbage’Yiling’as material,0.2% colchicines was dropped in growth point of cotyledon stage, Study on how non-heading Chinese cabbage response on colchicine induced and dynamic change in morphology. The results showed that:(1) How’Yiling’ response on colchicine induced is that variation of leaf appear in the first four leaves of seedling stage, induced after treatment in 15 days, we developed three response types:disc character, bean character and coliform character, induced after treatment in 30 days, disc character, bean character and coliform character is developed macro-scoop character, flower character and conical character respectively. (2) The six response types have different degrees of inhibition of seedling stage:disc character >bean character> coliform character, flower character>macro-scoop character> conical character; the variation characteristic leaf wilting and died gradually, other variation leaves grow normally. (3) Disc character, bean character, coliform character, macro-scoop character, flower character and co nical character, Rate of tetraploid of six responsed types above is 50.00%,41.67%,25.00%,16.67%,8.33%,0.00% repectively, discharacter and bean character should be used for early screening.Diploid plants were induced by treating the apical portion of seedlings with different solution of colchicine. Autotetraploid plants were selected and identified based on morphological, anatomic, cytological characters, flow cytometry, heat-tolerance, agronomic and nutritional traits. The results indicated that the treatment with 0.2 mol/L colchicine for 4 times yielded the highest doubled chromosome at highest rates.Tetraploid doubling rate is 7.64%. Compared with the diploid plant, the length and width of leaf and petioles, flowering organs, stomata, pollen grain, the weight of leaf, petioles and plant are all increased. But the fecundity was receding remarkably. All of data above are have significantly difference; The contents of the total soluble, soluble protein,dry matter and in the leaves and petioles of the autotetraploid plants were increased by 7.32%,74.85%,3.91%, 17.22%,1.94%,4.89%,18.75%,10.53% and 44.78% than that of diploid, respectively. The contents of organic acids decrease 22.56%,25.00%. Non-heading Chinese Cabbage was derived through M1, M2 two generation selection and breeding, the new material had chief compact plant type, waist, erect, Handle semi-round with green and white, It has good yield and application prospect.In this study, Breeding autotetraploid Non-heading Chinese Cabbage’Yiling’, Choose diploid’Lvxing’, diploid’Shanghaiqing’and tetraploid’Shanghaiqing’ascontrol, studied diploid, tetraploid’Yiling’ thermal variety test, regional yield and agronomic characters. The results showed that:(1) through M1, M2 two generation selection and breeding, autotetraploid Non-heading Chinese Cabbage was obtained, It has compact plant type, waist, etect, green white and semi-round petiole,’Yiling’has good application prospect. (2) Yield from high to low order in the heat resistance varieties was ’Yiling’4x> ’Shanghaiqing’4x>’Yiling’2x>’Shanghaiqing’2x>’Lvxing’2x, regional yield of tetraploid was significantly higher than that of diploid, whether it is diploid or tetraploid, the yield of’Yiling’was highest, the difference was significant or highly significant; In the test varieties,’Yiling’4x has showed good heat resistance purity, uniformity were as high as 99%,98%, potential growth was the strongest; at the same time,’Yiling’4x exhibits excellent resistance to virus disease and anthranose, virus disease almost does not appear, anthranose occurred only 0.55%. The resistance of’Yiling’ 2x was weaker than’Yiling’4x, was 0.39%,1.47% respectively. The control’Shanghaiqing’4x,’Lvxing’2x, ’Shanghaiqing’2x was 1.85%,4.08%,3.38%,4.14%,2.13% and 5.18% respectively. (3) To compare regional yield trial in Nanjing, Nantong, Wuhan, the yield trial of ’Yiling’ 2x was the highest, so is ’Yiling’ 4x; (4) Choosing’Lvxing’ 2x and ’Shanghaiqing’ 2x as control, the development degree, leaf width, leaf thickness, weight per plant was the biggest; choosing’Shanghaiqing’4x as control, the height per plant, development degree, leaf width, petiole width, leaf thickness of’Yiling’4x was best, and ’Yiling’ 4x has best high yield and heat-resistance.In this study, breeding autotetraploid Non-heading Chinese Cabbage ’Yiling’, Choose diploid’Lvxing’, diploid ’Shanghaiqing’ and tetraploid ’Shanghaiqing’ as control, studied diploid, tetraploid ’Yiling’ thermal variety test, regional yield and agronomic characters. The results showed that:(1) Through M1, M2 two generation selection and breeding, autotetraploid Non-heading Chinese Cabbage was obtained, it has compact plant type, waist, etect, green white and semi-round petiole,’Yiling’ has good application prospect. (2) Yield from high to low order in the heat resistance varieties was ’Yiling’ 4x> ’Shanghaiqing’ 4x> ’Yiling’ 2x>’Shanghaiqing’ 2x> ’Lvxing’ 2x, regional yield of tetraploid was significantly higher than that of diploid, whether it is diploid or tetraploid, the yield of ’Yiling’ was highest, the difference was significant or highly significant; In the test varieties,’Yiling’ 4x has showed good heat resistance.purity, uniformity were as high as 99%,98%, potential growth was the strongest; at the same time,’Yiling’ 4x exhibits excellent resistance to virus disease and anthranose, virus disease almost does not appear, anthranose occurred only 0.55%. The resistance of ’Yiling’ 2x was weaker than ’Yiling’ 4x, was 0.39%,1.47% respectively.’Shanghaiqing’ 4x,’Lvxing’ 2x,’Shanghaiqing’ 2x were 1.85%,4.08%; 3.38%,4.14% and 2.13%,5.18% as controls. (3) To compare regional yield trial in Nanjing, Nantong, Wuhan, the yield trial of ’Yiling’ 2x was the highest,so is ’Yiling’ 4x. (4) Choosing ’Lvxing’ 2x and ’Shanghaiqing’ 2x as control, the development degree, leaf width, leaf thickness, weight per plant was the biggest; choosing ’Shanghaiqing’ 4x as control, the height per plant, development degree, leaf width, petiole width, leaf thickness of ’Yiling’ 4x was best, and ’Yiling’ 4x has best high yield and heat-resistance. |
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