Effect Of Soil Nutrients On Vegetative And Reproductive Growth Of Althaea Rosea

Any kind of creature needs to uptake a certain amount of resources in the survival environment to complete its life cycle process. But no matter in the artificial environment, natural environment, and the limited resources frequently occurred, this help plants to form a certain adaptive strategy. This study that choose the growth of underground space and soil nutrient two kinds of resources, in a biennial Althaea rosea as the research object, to simulate low and high resource states, explore the influence of the growth of underground space and the soil nutrient to the plant photosynthesis, flowering phenology and reproductive ecology characteristics.This study found:(1) The growth of underground space and soil nutrient significantly influence initial quantum efficiency, maximum photosynthetic rate, compensation radiation, dark respiration rate, apparent quantum yield, internal quantum efficiency and quantum efficiency of A.rosea. Under the condition of rather smaller growth of underground space, A.rosea begins the synthesis of organic compounds under the condition of relatively low radiation, and can quickly achieve maximum photosynthetic rate effectively. The same, under the condition of no fertilizer treatment of A.rosea also has lower light compensation point, also can begin to synthesis of organic compounds under the condition of relatively low radiation, and quickly achieves maximum photosynthetic rate. And the effect of the growth of underground space is greater than soil nutrients.(2) The growth of underground space and soil nutrient significantly influence initial carboxylation efficiency, maximum photosynthetic rate, light respiration rate, carboxylation efficiency and CO2 compensation point of A.rosea. Among them, LF and SN have the highest utilization efficiency of CO2, LN and SF have the lowest. This implies that with adequate resources and very inadequate state will encourage the plant to better utilize resources CO2 in the air.(3) The growth of underground space and soil nutrient significantly influence net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, limiting value of stomata and Instantaneous water use efficiency of A.rosea. Changes in stomatal conductance shows that small growth of underground plants can open more pores for CO2 exchange; Stomatal limitation and instantaneous water use efficiency show that large growth of underground space plants have a stronger transpiration.(4) Resources limits the flowering rate of A.rosea. The number of plants with Full flowering of LF was 1.48,13.33, and 8.00 times than SF, LN and SN separately.(5) The growth of underground space and soil nutrient significantly influence flowering length, flowering synchronization, of A.rosea, but they do not change the time of flowering and flowering plants pulse. The growth of underground space that influenced the length of florescence is larger than soil nutrient, but smaller than flowering synchronization.(6) In this study, the growth of underground space and soil nutrient can increase the number of flowering per plant, but not enough to change single flower opening time.(7) The growth of underground space significantly influences the length of the petals, nevertheless soil nutrient does not. Moreover, the growth of underground space and soil nutrient do not influence the length of pistil and stamen of each single flower too much.(8) The growth of underground space significantly influences plant height and stem base diameter of A.rosea, but soil nutrient does not.(9) The growth of underground space significantly influences the biomass of flower petals, fruit peel, seeds, fruit, stem leaf and root of A.rosea, however, soil nutrient significantly influences only the biomass of stem leaf, not others.(10) There are significant architectural effects in petal length of inflorescence, biomass of petals, each fruit peel tare, each seed weight and fruit weight, but architecture is primarily responsible for variation in floral traits of diameter size, length of pistil and stamen, and in fruit traits of each seed number, number of abortive seeds, abortive rate.(Jl) In this study of A.rosea, there are no trade-off between flower diameter size and the number of flowers, petals biomass and the number of flowers, petal length and the number of flowers, pistil length and stamen length, fruit number and biomass of each fruit, seed number and seed biomass. However, under the condition of adequate resources, there is trade-off between the number of each seed and a single seed. That is to say, enough resource in the growth of the environment, as the single seed biomass increases, the number of each seed reduces.(12) Under the condition of without fertilization, as the individuals base diameter increases, the number of flowering increases. Under the condition of adequate resources, the diameter of the flower will show up size dependent. Under the condition of LF and LN. as the stem length and stem base diameter increase, the petals biomass increases. Under the condition of insufficient soil nutrient, as the stem base diameter increases, the seed biomass constantly increases. Nevertheless, abortive rate of per fruit was not independent of individual size.In conclusion, the growth of underground space and soil nutrient resources significantly influence vegetative growth and reproductive growth. In addition, there were significant differences of A.rosea between in rich environment and poor environment.