Nitrogen To Nitrogen Utilization And Purple Potatoes The Influence Of Yield And Quality

With the development of human society, on the premise of crop production, people has higher requirement for the quality of food. Purple potatoes are set to be a kind of potato varieties which could be edible, nutritious, healthy, and ornamental, and also have been popular in recent years, but its yield and quality are greatly influenced by the cultural environment. This experiment studied under the two varieties that was the Ziyun 1 (A1, high nitrogen sensitive) and the SichuanHeiyu (A2, insensitive to nitrogen), no nitrogen (B1), low nitrogen (B2), medium nitrogen (B3) and high nitrogen (B4) these 4 kinds of nitrogen levels on the purple potato crop growth, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and the influence of nitrogen uptake and crop production quality, in order to prove appropriate nitrogen content of different kinds of purple potatoes, as to optimize the cultivation of purple potato nitrogen fertilizer to provide the theory and practical evidence. The results of the study were as follows:1. Root lengths, root volumes, leaf SPAD values, leaf areas, leaf area index of Ziyun 1 (Al) were significantly higher than that of SichuanHeiyu (A2), root lengths and root volumes in tuber in mature periodexceeded14.1%,39.8%respectively, leaf SPAD values, leaf areas, leaf area index in tuber in expansion period exceeded 20.3%,45.4% and 20.3% respectively. Nitrogen promoted the root growth and leaf development of purple potato, tuber mature period, within Ziyun 1(A1), promoting effect of high nitrogen (B4)control were more apparent, though within SichuanHeiyu(A2), medium nitrogen (B3) control achieved the highest promoting effect.2. The matter accumulation of purple potato mainly stored in leaves before tuber formation, but after the tuber formation was given priority to the tubers. The dry matter accumulation in Ziyun 1 (A1) mainly concentrated in seedling stage-tuber expansion period, while in tuber expansion period and mature period for Sichuan Heiyu (A2). The dry matter accumulation and the total dry matter accumulation in every organ expressed Ziyun 1 (Al)> Sichuan Heiyu (A2), among them, dry matter accumulation and population total dry matter accumulation amounts in the roots, stems, leaves and tubers respectively exceeded 26.1%,32.5%,26.1%,38.8% and 32.5%. Relative to no nitrogen, nitrogen could promote the purple potato matter accumulation ability and allocation proportion of the main matter accumulation organs, within Ziyun 1(A1). high nitrogen (B4) control was the highest, but within Sichuan Heiyu (A2). medium nitrogen (B3) control was the highest.3. Compared with Sichun Heiyu (A2), nitrogen content of Ziyun 1 (A1) in different organs decreased, but nitrogen uptake, total nitrogen transfer amount of the plant above ground, total nitrogen uptake in the different organs increased, and finally improved the nitrogen use efficiency of Ziyun 1 (Al).Relative to no nitrogen, nitrogen could improve the nitrogen content and nitrogen uptake, plant nitrogen transfer capacity and total nitrogen uptake of the purple potato organs, within Ziyun 1(A1), high nitrogen (B4) control was the highest, but within SichunHeiyu(A2), medium nitrogen (B3) control was the highest. Nitrogen absorption efficiency, nitrogen partial factor productivity, and nitrogen partial utilization efficiency decreased with the increasing of nitrogen application, high nitrogen (B4) control was the lowest. While medium nitrogen (B3)was the highest in nitrogen agronomy utilization efficiency.4.Yield and its components, commodity rate ofZiyun 1 (Al) were significantly higher than that of Sichuan Heiyu (A2), among them, populationyield, commodity rate, single potato tuber numbers and single tuber weight exceeded 30.6%,4.2%,15.5% and 30.6% respectively. Compared with no nitrogen, nitrogen fertilizer significantly improved the purple potato commodity rate, yield and its components, within Ziyun 1 (A1), high nitrogen (B4)control was the highest, but within Sichuan Heiyu(A2),medium nitrogen (B3)control was the highest.5. Soluble sugar content, crude protein content and antho cyanin content in Ziyun 1 (A1) were significantly lower than that in Sichuan Heiyu(A2), which were 11.1%,7.7%, 19.8%, but starch content decreased. Relative to no nitrogen, nitrogen enhanced the crude protein content and anthocyanin content of purple potatoes, and improved the nutritional quality, which could be better in appropriate nitrogen application,1 (Al), with the increasing of nitrogen application, soluble sugar content, crude protein content and anthocyanin content increased, but the starch content decreased; within Sichuan Heiyu(A2), medium nitrogen (B3) control had the highest an thocyanin content, but the lowest starch content, and the soluble sugar content was significantly lower than that in no nitrogen (B1) control and high nitrogen (B4) control, while protein content was significantly higher than that in no nitrogen (B1) control and low nitrogen (B2) control.