High Standard Farmland Construction Model Research In Sichuan Basin Area

High-standard farmland construction has become an important initiative for rural development from the implementation of the five-year plan for 2011 to 2015. The research of the high standard farmland construction mode is important to enrich its theory and guide the practice. This paper studies 9 high-standard farmland construction in three ecological demonstration zones that are chengdu plain area, basin hilly areas and mountain regions around the basin, compares each of the zone’ fields, drainages and roads according to the practice of the model or not, and the paper evaluates all of the demonstration areas’ natural, social, economic and comprehensive construction benefits. The main results are as follows:(1) High standard farmland construction are under the limitations of the shortage of lands, food security, infrastructure, rural labor force and other factors in different ecological regions. Overall, it is obvious that irrigation infrastructure is in low level, especially electrical and mechanical irrigation area which accounts for only about 5% of the province’s total arable land. Grain acreage in different ecological regions of 2010 decreased compared to 2006, and the largest one was the chengdu plain region (2.79%), followed by mountain region around the basin (1.92%). Population and arable land are mainly gathering in the hilly area of the basin, accounting for about 60% of the province. The rural labor force is massively transferred from the province, and the largest transferring amount is basin hilly areas, which accounts for 34.65%, and grain farmers’ income is very low. In view of the actual situation of the ecological zones and high-standard farmland construction, we make a high standard farmland construction mode for each ecological zone that is "grid fields" for the chengdu plain area, "ladder frame" for the basin hilly area, "terracing" mode for the mountain regions around the basin.(2) The fields, drainages, roads of the ecological zones changed significantly according to implementation of high-standard farmland construction. The number of fields significantly decreased, while their scales and shapes has totally become more structured, geometric similarity enhanced and the distribution tends to focus after the construction of "Field Network". The best field size is 0.2-0.6 hm2 in chengdu plain area,0.1-0.3 hm2 in basin hilly region and 0.2 hm2 in mountain region around the basin. "Drainage Network" promotes the irrigation guaranteed rate, canal accessibility as well as the supporting facilities of the canal, whose guaranteed rate execedes75%, irrigation canals accessibility can reach about 4, canal complete supporting facilities is up to 90% after the construction of the model. Accessibility of the chengdu plain area, basin hilly region and mountain region around the basin was increased 86.36%,70.27% and 25.53% and the connectivity was improved 19.67%,20.69%,5% after the construction of "Road network".(3) Based on the advantages of fields, drainages, roads after the high-standard farmland construction, grain production levels, agricultural irrigation and production capacity and machinery are greatly improved in different ecological zones, which provides favorable conditions for achieving large-scale agricultural production, standardization and mechanization. Grain production capacity of chengdu plain area is up to 13.06t/hm2, followed by basin hilly area 12.61t/hm and 12.42t/hm for mountain region around the basin, which means the amount has increased 9.56% for chengdu plain area,20.90% for basin hilly area and 10.97% for mountain region around the basin. Each of the three region’s agricultural irrigation capacity is up to 61.38%,38.42% and 44.36%, which means the amount has increased38.48%,32.32% and 36.50%. Each of the three region’s machinery production capacity is up to 85.88%,63.69% and 60.31%, which means the amount has increased 32.10%,30.70% and 16.98%.(4) According to the high standard farmland construction purpose and content, combined high standard farmland construction technical specification rules and acceptance regulations of Sichuan Province with high standard farmland acceptance regulations of the Sichuan Province, we select 11 evaluation scale including comprehensive production capacity, integrated mechanization level, plots and so on, using AHP comprehensive benefits for each ecological. After the construction, the mountain region around the basin’s economic benefits (94.15) is significantly higher than the basin hilly region (93.8) and the chengdu plain area (92.16); as social benefits perspective, the chengdu plain area maximum (92.89), followed by basin mountainous 89.46 and hilly areas 87.59; from eco-efficiency perspective, hilly area basin highest (79.68); the chengdu plain basin and mountainous areas is 78.95 and 73.92; while the overall efficiency aspect, the chengdu plain area (87.02) is significantly higher than the basin hilly region (86.91) and mountain region around the basin (85.12).