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Study On The Occurrence Characteristics Of Major Pests Of Foresrty And Fruit Trees Under Climate Change Conditions In Xinjiang Region

Posted on:2014-01-09Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:J S ZhuFull Text:PDF
GTID:2283330482962448Subject:Plant protection
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In this study, the occurrence characteristics of major pests of forestry and fruit trees under climate change conditions in Xinjiang Region was studied by using the record data of the diseases and insect pests occurring from 2000 to 2012, especially from 2009 to 2012, in combined with the history climate data, which is useful for the guidance of pest control of forestry and fruit trees in fields. This study can supplied with plant protection technology for the productions of forestry and fruit trees of Xinjiang Region. So it is utmost importance for the production safety of forestry and fruit trees.The recording climate data of the recently fifty years (i.e., from 1961 to 2012) indicates that the annual average temperature of Xinjiang Region presents a significantly consistent upward trend, and autumn and winter linear warming trends are most significant. In Xinjiang Region, warm and humid climate becomes particularly obvious especially after 1987, and the characteristic forestry and fruit industry also is developing rapidly, which in turn to result increasing abundances heavily damage of diseases and pests, and to influence the major pests’ structure and infestation characteristics of the forestry and fruit trees in Xinjiang Region. The results of data analysis indicated that pests damage of forestry and fruit trees become more and more heavily with the climate warming and increased rainfall in Xinjiang Region. There are eight orders,19 families and 24 species of insect pests caused of seriously damage in the forest and fruit industry gathering area. Thereinto, Apocheima cinerarius (Ershoff), Dasineura datifolia (Jiang), Eulccanium giantca (shinij), Tegolophus zizyphagus (Keifer) and Laspeyresia pomonella (Linne) caused of the most heavily economic damage. Moreover, some new characteristics of pests’ occurrence were shown in the forestry and fruit industry of Xinjiang Region under climate change, that is, the occurrence area of forestry and fruit pests was 706.44 million mu in 2010, less than that (731.57) in 2009, but which was mainly concentrated in five counties of southern and eastern Xinjiang region. In 2011, the development of forest and fruit tress’pest mites was delayed and the population abundances was at low density owing to the adverse effects of lower temperature in early summer season, so no damages were resulted by this type of insect pest; However, one species of pest mites, i.e., T. zizyphagus outbroke especially in some area of Aksu and Kashgar, during the second half year of 2011 owing to the impacts of continuous high temperature weather from August to September. In 2012, the overwintering death rates of insect pests of forest and fruit trees were higher than those in other years, which is due to the continuous low temperature for longer time and generally too much snowfall in early spring; while the yearly accumulated occurrence area of insect pests was about 678.70 million mu owing to the high temperature and increased rainfall in local area during the latter period of 2012.Since the beginning of the 21st century, orchard areas in Xinxiang showed explosive expansion, tree species convergence and scale concentration, so that the spreading speed and damage degree of harmful woods organisms are unprecedented. Combined with in the region the very scarce forest resources, the single tree species, the unreasonable forest structure, the very fragile ecological environment, and the poor oasis biodiversity and ecosystem stability, proliferating and spreading of horticulture harmful organisms are easily caused. With the speed of global economic integration accelerating, international trade increasing and the pace of afforestation in Xinxiang speeding up, the plantation area especially in horticulture rapidly growing, global warming and regional climate anomalies and other factors influencing, the pressure of forest pest invasion, diffusion and erosion increases constantly, and the main forestry harmful biological harm occurrence expands year by year. Through years’observation of climate change, the development of horticulture plant diseases and insect pests in Xinxiang, indirectly affects herbivorous insects, and through the food chain affects the natural enemies insects fed on them. Years of meteorological data show that, the effect of climate change on horticulture is direct and clear, and on insects is indirect and complex. In conclusion, in the elevated climate and increased humidity conditions in Xinxiang, to study the biology and prevention strategy of harm horticulture plant diseases and insect pests, the main purpose is to find out the occurrence, development and harmful effects of environment change and climate change in Xinjiang on horticulture plant diseases and insect pests.
Keywords/Search Tags:Xinjiang Region, Climate Change, Forestry and Fruit Industry, Major insect Pests, Occurrence Characteristics
PDF Full Text Request
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