Winter Plants Landscape Investigation And Evaluation Of Xi’an Primary Urban Parks

Plants, buildings, rocks and water are the four elements which constitute landscape, among which the plants element is particularly prominent because of its feature of seasonal variation. In winter, the seasonal phenomena of landscape plants is much attractive for its uniqueness, thus more attention is paid to the winter landscape construction. Studied on the winter plants configuration status of Xi’an urban parks by investigate, analysis and evaluation, furthermore, researched on the winter plant landscape construction principles and optimization approaches, which has important practical significance to promote the planning and construction level of the urban parks of western cities.In this research, the plant landscape configuration in winter of main parks in Xi’an city was investigated and evaluated by the method of related material, arranging the literature, field investigation, questionnaire investigation and hierarchy analysis process (AHP). the research and evaluation on its winter plant landscape configuration. In the end, we screened out some tree species for plant landscape in winter of Xi’an, and pointed out some problems and disadvantages of plant landscape configuration. As a whole, there were some optimization suggestions for plant landscape construction in winter of Xi’an.It can be concluded that there are 229 species with high ornamental value in winter, which belong to 49 families,103 genera. Among these species,35 species are evergreen needle-leaved plants with good site, which belong to 6 families,13 genera, and 135 species are evergreen broad-leaved or half evergreen plants, which belong to 22 families,42 genera, and 59 species are deciduous plants, which belong to 31 families, 50 genera. As a whole, there are 92 arbor species,85 shrubs species,19 vine and ground cover species and 33 bamboo species. Particularly, the number of evergreen arbor is 50, accounting for 21.8% of the total; the number of deciduous arbor is 42, accounting for 18.3%; the number of evergreen shrubs is 76, accounted for 33.2%; the number of deciduous shrubs is 9, accounting for 3.9%; the number of evergreen vine and ground cover is 11, accounted for 4.8%; the number of deciduous vine is 11, accounted for 3.6%; the number of bamboo is 33, accounted for 14.4%.Using AHP method to evaluated the winter plants landscape of 17 typical urban parks in Xi’an from four aspects:aesthetics, ecology and psychology and service function. Aesthetic weight in the criterion layer is 0.4400, ecology weight is 0.3300, psychology weight is 0.1100, and service function is 0.1200. It is showed that the landscape space stratification of plants and plant diversity have the greatest effects on the winter landscape in the factors layer, and the weight are 0.1323 and 0.1232, respectively, while the weight of receptivity to winter landscape is lowest, which is 0.0202. Finally, the winter plants landscape of 17 urban parks was marked by experts, students, and citizens. The results showed that Xi’an Botanical Garden was the best and Darning palace national heritage park was the worst.Three categories problems of winter plant landscape construction were discussed based on the investigation of Xi’an urban parks.1) People pay less attention to plant landscape in winter;2) The management of plant maintain in winter is not enough; 3) The utilization of plant in winter landscape is unreasonable. Finally, in view of the three categories of problems, some countermearsures were put forward.1) We should pay more attention to the native tree species and reasonalbely take advantage of the species from south; 2) We should build the landscape in winter with the characteristics of Xi’an; 3) Meanwhile, we also should make consideration of the perspective of time, which winter could be divided into three periods when carrying on landscape design:the beginning of winter, late winter, the end of winter and the beginning of spring. Design the winter landscape according to the analysis of time characteristics.4) Space perspective:the park is divided into static and dynamic space, According to the analysis of properties and function of the different space and the demand for plant landscape to design the plant landscape.