Parameter Optimization And Experimental Research Of Air Suction Berries Harvester Picking Head

Berries is refers to the berry fruit trees with small fruit and berry pulp. Such as blueberries,blackcurrant, sea buckthorn, gooseberry, Sorbus aucuparia, sea buckthorn, cranberry and Lonicera edulis. Berries are rich in nutrients with anti-cancer, anti-oxidation, protection of eyesight,prevention of heart disease, enhancing the ability to resist aging and other functions, known as the third generation of gold fruit. In recent years, the demand for small berries has rapidly increased and the market is constantly expanding. The economic benefits of small berry related industries also increased. But in our country, the harvest of berries is mostly manual work, and the short mature period of berries, high labor intensity and low efficiency limited the yield and quality of the fruit. Therefore, mechanical harvesting of small berries has become an inevitable way for the development of small berries. At present, China’s berries harvester isbased on vibration, because of the easy to destroy the fruit mother branch, disadvantage of easily mixed with impurities, less application; and gas suction harvest berries efficiency high, broken fruit rate low, the utility model has the advantages of low cost, can effectively overcome the vibration picking berries. In order to develop and expand the size of the berries of related industries, it is important to study the pneumatic small berry harvester.Picking head is a key part of the air suction berry harvester, its performance will directly affect the whole machine picking efficiency. design and research of the main content is the size and structure parameters of picking head. This paper did a comprehensive analysis of air suction harvesting technology research status at home and abroad, and the characteristics of working medium of air suction berry harvester,and the physical characteristics of berries and movement,force analysis in conveying process, completed the design,structure parameter optimization of air suction berries harvester picking head and experimental research. According to theory and analysis designd and processed five kinds of diameter circular opening picking head, black currant fruit was chosen as the test object, In the working flow of 21,27 and 33(10-3m~3/s)did picking efficiency test,and analysis the relationship of the picking head diameter and working flow with the picking efficiency.According to the test results,did parameters optimization and experiment for the circular opening picking head,Obtained optimal operating parameters of the circular opening picking head under the condition of this experiment.Did analysis for the test results of circular suction picking head,did structure optimization for selected 3 kinds of circular opening picking head, make the 3kinds of circular opening compressed into 3 groups oblate opening, and did the picking efficiency test.According to the test results,Obtained optimal parameter of the oblate opening picking head under the condition of this experiment. Finally, by using the geometric and algebraic methods,make the oblate quantify length to width ratio of oblate T, by using the Levenberg Marquardt(LM)method to establish a nonlinear regression model,obtained the quadratic curve regression equation between T of oblate opening picking head and the picking efficiency. According to the equation obtained the theoretical optimal parameters of 3 groups oblate opening picking head. The results of this study are as follows:(1) 6 kinds of circular opening picking head, with the increase of the working flow, picking efficiency increases gradually. The optimal opening diameter is φ28.The circular opening picking head is easy to produce small berry leaves blocking the problem of picking head opening.(2)The optimal size in 9 kinds of oblate opening picking head of φ28,φ30 and φ35 series is φ28-D25, φ30-D20 and φ35-D20.The picking efficiency of theoblate opening picking head were higher than those of the corresponding circular opening picking head in the working flow of 21, 27 and 33(10-3m~3/s).Among them,picking efficiency of f 28-D25 oblate opening picking head is the highest, its picking efficiency is 3 times of the artificial harvesting efficiency.The oblate opening picking head can effectively avoid berrier leaves blocking the picking head opening.(3) The picking efficiency of oblate opening picking head of φ28 and φ30 series with the length to width ratio T value increase showed the trend of first increased and then decreased in the working flow of 21, 27 and 33(10-3m~3/s),oblate opening picking head of φ35 series was first decreased and then increased trend.Theoretical optimal width of φ28, φ30 and φ35 series is 22,19 and 15 mm.Theoretical maximum picking efficiency is 12.86/s,10.74/s and 12.35/s.To promote the berry industry development, optimizing and designing the picking head of the air picking suction berry harvester has important significance.