| Nicosulfuron is a special herbicide for maize field.It has a good active with treatment after seedlings. Recently, it is favored by more and more people for its characteristics of high efficiency and broad spectrum, prominent weeding effect, especially it has a good control effect on vicious gramineae weeds in maize field. With the vigorous development of Chinese modern agricultural industry, people have an increasing demand for Nicosulfuron recently, but the problems associated with phytotoxicity has gradually emerged.This study uses the method of maize pot experiment, uses the naphthene sulfonyl sulfonylurea compound that compounded by the laboratory to screen a safener for injury problem of Nicosulfuron and to determine a reasonable spraying technology, so that it can be used in practical field, which may be protect crops from herbicide selectively and do not affect the herbicidal activity of Nicosulfuron on controling the target weeds. In addition, this research also studies the mode of action about safeners to confirm the safeners how to play a detoxification role on maize. The main results of this study are as follows:The phytotoxicity test of safeners shows that the growth of maize will be inhibited by NO.101, NO.97 and NO.86 compound with dressing, but NO.100 compound is not, so NO.100 compound is choosen as the target safener.The test results show that the growth of maize can not be inhibited and the fresh weight are heavier than the control safener with first sprayed NO.100 compound and after sprayed Nicosulfuron.So NO.100 has a good detoxification effect; With several safeners and herbicides mixed in different ways, obtains the final result that Nicosulfuron and NO.86 compound mixed spraying in a ratio of 1:1 can play a best detoxification role. And the detoxification role of NO.86 compound is obvious better than other control safeners.The study about adding safeners if have an impact on Nicosulfuron finds that the herbicidal activity of Nicosulfuron on control monocotyledonous weeds has improve a lot after adding No.86 compound, reaches more than 90%, even up to 100%.And the effect on control dicotyledonous weeds also has increased significantly.According to the content of GSH and the activity of GSTs in maize can be seen that the content of GSH is higher compared to the blank which Nicosulfuron and No.86 compound mixed spraying in a ratio of 1:1 at 7d and 14d, while the other groups is generally low, indicating that No.86 compound can increase the content of GSH in maize; Od, the activity of GSTs in maize in each group is lower, the activity is significantly increased at 7d, but compared to the blank group is lower. Nicosulfuron are mixed with No.86 compound in a ratio of 1:0.5 at 14d, the activity of GSTs has increased and reached 15%. In summary, No.86 compound had a certain influence on the content of GSH and the activity of GSTs in maize, which can be drawn, No.86 compound may increase the content of GSH and the activity of GSTs in maize to play the detoxification role of Nicosulfuron.This study extracts the ALS from maize and determines its activity shows that the activity of ALS is significantly improved compared to the blank at 7d, the largest increase reaches up to 59.4%. And the activity of ALS is lower than the blank when Nicosulfuron and isoxadifen mixed in three proportion at 14d, the activity of ALS increases and reaches up to 18.8% when Nicosulfuron and isoxadifen mixed in a ratio of 1:0.5, other groups’activity of ALS decreases. Thus, No.86 compound may increase the activity of ALS in maize to play the detoxification role, but its role continues for a short time.In conclusion, this study screens a proper safener for Nicosulfuron and determines the specific application technology.In addition, it also conducts a preliminary explore about the action of mechanism of safener from physiological and biochemical aspects. |
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